CAMRT Radiography |Exam Questions with Complete Solutions| Already Passed
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Course
CAMRT
Institution
CAMRT
GSD (Genetically Significant Dose) - average annual gonadal dose of radiation to individuals
of childbearing age; addresses the relationship of gonadal doses to individuals versus an entire
population and the overall effects
Linear Energy Transfer (LET) - amount of energy deposited by radiation ...
CAMRT Radiography |Exam Questions
with Complete Solutions| Already
Passed
GSD (Genetically Significant Dose) - ✔average annual gonadal dose of radiation to individuals
of childbearing age; addresses the relationship of gonadal doses to individuals versus an entire
population and the overall effects
Linear Energy Transfer (LET) - ✔amount of energy deposited by radiation per unit length
of tissue
Relative biologic effectiveness (RBE) - ✔ability to produce biologic damage; varies with the LET
Direct effect - ✔occurs when radiation directly strikes DNA in the cellular nucleus
Indirect effect - ✔occurs when radiation strikes the water molecules in the cytoplasm of
the cell
Radiolysis of water - ✔occurs as radiation energy is deposited in the water of the cell; the
result of radiolysis is an ion pair in the cell: a positively charged water molecule (HOH+) and
a free electron
Mutation - ✔erroneous information passed to subsequent generations via cell division
Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau - ✔ells are most sensitive to radiation when they
are immature, undifferentiated, and rapidly dividing
,Early somatic effects of radiation - ✔hematopoietic syndrome; gastrointestinal (GI)
syndrome; central nervous system syndrome
Late somatic effects of radiation - ✔carcinogenesis; cataractogenesis; embryologic
effects; thyroid dysfunction; life span shortening
Cardinal principles of radiation protection - ✔time, distance, shielding
what is the best protection against radiation exposure? - ✔distance
Mean marrow dose - ✔average dose to bone marrow
mass - ✔the amount of matter in an object; generally considered the same as weight
energy - ✔the ability to do work
Potential energy - ✔energy of position
Kinetic energy - ✔energy of motion
chemical energy - ✔energy from a chemical reaction
Electrical energy - ✔result of the movement of electrons
Thermal energy - ✔heat energy resulting from the movement of atoms or molecules
Nuclear energy - ✔energy from the nucleus of an atom
, Electromagnetic energy - ✔energy that is emitted and transferred through matter
Velocity (speed) - ✔how fast an object is moving
Acceleration - ✔the rate of change of speed per unit of time
work - ✔force applied on an object over a distance
power - ✔the rate of doing work (measured in watts)
Atomic nucleus - ✔contains protons (positive charges) and neutrons (no charge);
contains most of the mass of an atom
Atomic mass - ✔number of protons plus number of neutrons; represented by the letter A
Electron shells - ✔contain orbital electrons (negative charges); electron shells represented by the
letters K, L, M, N, O, P, and Q; in a stable atom the number of electrons and protons is equal
Atomic number of an atom - ✔equals the number of protons in the nucleus; represented
by the letter Z; the atomic number determines the chemical element; all chemical elements
are represented in the periodic table of the elements
Isotopes - ✔atoms with the same number of protons but with a different number of neutrons
Electron-binding energy - ✔force that holds electrons in orbit around the nucleus
Octet rule - ✔the outer shell of an atom may not contain more than eight electrons
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