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Microbiology Straighterline (Quizzes)/195 Questions and Answers
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Microbiology Straighterline (Quizzes)/195 Questions and Answers
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Microbiology Straighterline(Quizzes)/195 Questions and Answers
Studies by Emil von Behring and Shibasaburo Kitasato demonstrated that
inactivated toxins can induce the synthesis of antitoxins in the blood of
rabbits. These antitoxins (antibodies) are the basis of...
a. humoral immunity
b. cell-mediated immunity
c. antibiotic immunity
d. phagocyte-mediated immunity - -a. humoral immunity
-Who of the following first discovered that some blood leukocytes could
engulf disease-causing bacteria?
a. von Behring
b. Meister
c. Metchnikoff
d. Ivanowski - -c. Metchnikoff
-Who is credited with developing a vaccine against chicken cholera?
a. Koch
b. Pasteur
c. Jenner
d. Lister - -b. Pasteur
-The concept that living organisms arise from nonliving material is called...
a. biogenesis
b. cell theory
c. spontaneous generation
d. germ theory - -c. spontaneous generation
-Protists contain all of the following forms of life EXCEPT...
a. protozoa
b. fungi
c. slime molds
d. algae - -b. fungi
-Cells with a relatively simple cell morphology that do not have a true
membrane-delimited nucleus are called...
,a. prokaryotes
b. eukaryotes
c. urkaryotes
d. nokaryotes - -a. prokaryotes
-The ribosomal RNA studies that led to the division of prokaryotic organisms
into the Bacteria and the Archaea were begun by...
a. Pasteur
b. Woese
c. Needham
d. Watson - -b. Woese
-In a search for new antibiotics, a previously unknown organism has been
recovered from the soil. It is nonmotile and is composed of long threadlike
structures formed from nucleated cells. It is not-photosynthetic and absorbs
its nutrients. This organism will most likely be classified among the...
a. bacteria
b. archaea
c. eukaryotes (fungi)
d. eukaryotes (protozoa)
e. eukaryotes (algae) - -c. eukaryotes (fungi)
-If immersion oil was replaced with water, what would happen?
a. The refractive index would increase, improving resolution
b. The refractive index of water would be greater than air but less than oil,
improving resolution less than oil.
c. The refractive index of water would be less than that of air, decreasing
resolution.
d. There would be no difference. - -b. The refractive index of water would be
greater than air but less than oil, improving resolution less than oil.
-Prior to staining, smears of microorganisms are heat-fixed in order to...
a. allow eventual visualization of internal structures.
b. ensure removal of dust particles from the slide surface.
c. attach it firmly to the slide.
d. create small pores in cells that facilitates binding of stain to cell
structures. - -c. attach it firmly to the slide.
-If the decolorizer is left on too long in the Gram-staining procedure, gram-
positive organisms will be stained __________ and gram-negative organisms
will be stained __________.
,a. purple; blue
b. purple; colorless
c. purple; pink
d. pink; pink - -d. pink; pink
-Regions of a specimen with higher electron density scatter ___________
electrons and, therefore, appear __________ in the image projected onto the
screen of a transmission electron microscope.
a. more; lighter
b. more; darker
c. fewer; darker
d. fewer; lighter - -b. more; darker
-In the Gram-staining procedure, the mordant is...
a. iodine.
b. safranin.
c. crystal violet.
d. alcohol. - -a. iodine.
-Acid-fast organisms such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis contain lipids
constructed from ________________in their cell walls.
a. proteins
b. carbohydrates
c. mycolic acids
d. peptidoglycan - -c. mycolic acids
-Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis is particularly important in public
health because in this application, microbiologists seek to identify specific
microbial pathogens in ______.
a. food and water
b. patient samples
c. genomic analysis
d. genetic diseases - -a. food and water
-Genomic DNA sequences seem to support the idea that the first eukaryotic
cell arose from within the _____ lineage.
a. archaeal
b. bacterial
c. viral
d. last universal common ancestor (LUCA) - -a. archaeal
, -An unrooted tree containing four unrelated species can become rooted by
adding
a. a descendant group related to two of the species.
b. an unrelated outgroup.
c. a distantly related outgroup.
d. a descendant related to only one of the species. - -c. a distantly related
outgroup.
-A general term used to describe groups based on mutual similarity or
evolutionary relatedness is ______.
a. class
b. taxa
c. system
d. group - -b. taxa
-The temperature at which half of the strands of a double-stranded DNA
molecule have separated from each other is called the __________
temperature.
a. separation
b. melting
c. destabilizing
d. mobilization - -b. melting
-Which of the following is true about Bergey's Manual?
a. The first edition is mostly phenetic while the second edition is more
phylogenetic.
b. The first edition is largely phylogenetic while the second edition is more
phenetic.
c. The first and second editions are both largely phenetic.
d. The first and second editions are both largely phylogenetic - -a. The first
edition is mostly phenetic while the second edition is more phylogenetic.
-All of the following are reasons why some scientists believe that the term
"prokaryote" is a somewhat artificial designation and should be discarded
EXCEPT...
a. Some bacteria have internal membranous structures.
b. Some bacteria have their genetic material enclosed within a membrane.
c. Some bacteria have 80S ribosomes.
d. Many bacterial have cytoskeletal elements. - -c. Some bacteria have 80S
ribosomes.
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