Exam (elaborations)

Nura 215 Cancer and Anemia Test Questions and Answers

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Nura 215 Cancer and Anemia

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Nura 215 Cancer And Anemia

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Uploaded on August 24, 2024
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Type Exam (elaborations)
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nura 215 cancer and anemia
nura 215 cancer and anemia test questions

Institution Nura 215 Cancer and Anemia
Course Nura 215 Cancer and Anemia

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Nura 215 Cancer and Anemia Test
Questions and Answers
education about colostomies after colorectal cancer surgeries - Answer-takes up to 2-3
days post op till it starts working
stool will be immediately liquid and may stay depending on location of surgery. emptied
freq post op due to gas buildup

ascending colostomy - Answer-liquid

transverse colostomy - Answer-pasty

descending colostomy - Answer-solid possible continent of stool

grading - Answer-classifies cellular aspects of the cancer
G1-4
the higher the grade, the worse the prognosis

staging - Answer-describes the extent of the disease
0-4
0: not a lot happening, no abnormal cells
1-3: larger tumor
4; spreading to distant sites

TNM - Answer-T: primary tumor
N: lymph node involvement
M: metastasis

Gx: - Answer-grade cannot be assessed

G1 - Answer-Tumor cells are well differentiated and closely resemble normal cells

G2 - Answer-Moderately differentiated

G3 - Answer-Poorly differentiated , origin can still usually be established

G4 - Answer-Poorly differentiated and contain no normal cellular characteristics

tx: - Answer-primary tumor cannot be assessed

t0 - Answer-no evidence of primary tumor

tis - Answer-precancerous cells

,t1-4 - Answer-inc in size and tumor involvement

nx - Answer-lymph nodes cannot be assessed

n0 - Answer-no regional involvement

n1-3 - Answer-increasing involvement of regional lymph nodes

mx - Answer-Metastasis cannot be assessed

m0 - Answer-No distant metastasis

m1 - Answer-metastasized

7 warning signs of cancer - Answer-Change in bowel or bladder habits.
A sore that does not heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge.
Thickening or lump in the breast, testicles, or elsewhere.
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing.
Obvious change in the size, color, shape, or thickness of a wart, mole, or mouth sore.
Nagging cough or hoarseness.

primary prevention of cancer - Answer-avoidance of known or potential carcinogens
(cigs, cleaning chemicals)
-using sunscreen, tobacco avoidance
removal of at risk tissues in adults at a high risk
eating balanced diet, regular exercise and 8 hours of sleep/night
HPV vaccine

secondary prevention of cancer - Answer-regular screening

chemo - Answer-tx of cancer w chemical agents
-tumors w rapid growth= more sensitive
-affects are systemic (affects whole body)
-doesn't kill just bad cells but good ones too (skin, hair, intestinal tissues, spermatocytes
and blood - forming cells)

dose - dense therapy - Answer-also results in more intense s/e

chemo S/E - Answer-alopecia
n/v
skin changes
anxiety, sleep disturbances
constipation
dec mobility

, bone marrow suppression

protection from body fluids after chemo - Answer-gown, mask, gloves
liquid waste in toilet, flush 2-3x
linens go in isolation bag, labeled and laundered separately (keep in room until D/C and
wash 2x separately @ home)

cytotoxic drug secretion - Answer-urine: 48 hours
stool: 7 days

radiation types - Answer-teletherapy (external)
brachytherapy: internal

external radiation - Answer-beam therapy
area to be radiated is marked on skin: DO NOT REMOVE
careful positioning
s/e: red/tan skin, itching, flakey, seeping and exudate w dermal damage

internal radiation - Answer-pt is RADIOACTIVE
PRIVATE ROOMS
LIMITED VISITORS
NO PREGNANT WOMEN/KIDDOS
can't share a toilet with someone else for 3 days after use

radiation s/e - Answer-local skin changes and hair loss, likely permanent
altered taste sensations
fatigue r/t inc energy demands
fibrosis and scarring of tissue
AVOID DIRECT SUNLIGHT FOR 1 YEAR AFTER RADIATION COMPLETION

nursing management in pt receiving radiation/chemo - Answer--fatigue 3-4 wks
-n/v, diarrhea, anorexia
-skin reactions within 1-24 hours usually errhythema
-cough, dyspnea, pulmonary edema
-pericarditis
-erectile dysfunction, dec sperm count

NADIR - Answer-lowest point of blood cells following chemo
initiate neutropenic precautions
infection prevention = highest priority
dec in WBC can delay chemo/radiation

in patients with cancer report temp of - Answer-anything greater than 100.5
if in neutropenic precautions report any temp

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