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Music Therapy Board Certification ExamMusic Therapy Board Certification Exam.docx
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Music Therapy Board Certification ExamMusic Therapy Board Certification E
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Music Therapy Board Certification ExamAdaptive behavior -
Behavior that changes to fit the demands of a situation
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) -
A terminal, progressive disease of the motor neurons in the brain stem and spinal chord that
eventually leads to muscular paralysis
Aphasia -
Impaired ability to use or understand oral language
Association through contiguity -
The association of two separate events due to temporal proximity
Artherosclerosis -
A process in which fatty substances are deposited on the inner lining of the arteries and over time
build up, causing a stroke or heart attack
Atlantoaxial instability -
A type of misalignment of the upper spinal column that is often found in people with Down
syndrome
Auditory discrimination -
The ability to differentiate between two (or more) sounds in the acoustive environment
Autism Spectrum Disorder -
A group of disorders that are characterized by difficulties in communication, social interaction,
and/or cognitive functioning
Basilar membrane -
A lining inside the cochlea that holds in place thousands of cilia
Cadence -
In gait training, the degree to which a person's steps stay in rhythm
Catatonic behavior -
Marked abnormal in motor behavior, such as long periods of remaining the same position without
moving
Central hearing loss -
Hearing loss due to damage to or impairment of the central nervous system
Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) -
, Occurs when blood flow to the brain is restricted, sometimes due to a ruptured cerebral blood
vessel. The resulting lack of oxygen to brain cells can cause permanent damage or death. Also known
as a stroke.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) -
A disease in which air sacs of the lungs lose their elasticity and become overly porous, which can
result in dyspnea, fatigue, and eventually lead to death.
Cilia -
Tiny hair cells that lie on the basilar membrane. They act as transducers, converting sound from
mechanical energy into electrochemical energy.
Client-centered -
An approach to therapy in which the client has significant input into the way in which progress is
made toward the end therapeutic goal
Cochlea -
A small snail-shaped structure of the inner ear that contains sensory receptors important in the
transmission of sound to the auditory nerve
Cognitive-behavior therapy -
A behavior modification technique that includes self-reinforcement and self-evaluation
Concrete operations -
(Ages 7-11) 3rd stage of Piaget's theory of development during which children develop ability to
think logically and solve problems mentally as long as the situation is related to their own experience.
Also have developed the ability for community involvement and to execute refined motor movements.
Conditioning -
Learning by associating one stimulus with another, or by associating one's behavior with a
particular consequence
Congenital -
Present at birth
Cost benefit ratio -
An assessment of a treatment modality that weighs its perceived effectiveness agaisnt how much it
is perceived to cost
Descriptive research -
A type of research that describes "what is" under current conditions. Surveys are a common tool
used to gather data for this mode of inquiry
Divided attention -
Focusing one's spotlight of awareness on more than one task at a time
Dysarthria -
Imperfect articulation of speech because of loss of muscle control as a result of damage to the
central or peripheral nervous system
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