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NUR 228 DM EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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NUR 228 DM EXAM QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS
What is the body's primary source of energy? ANSWER: glucose
Insulin permits glucose to be stored as glycogen in the liver.
When glucose levels begin to fall after a meal, the liver might release it back into
circulation.
glycolysis: glucose catabolism in cells.
generates 2 molecules of pyruvic acid with a net gain of 2 ATP.
Gluconeogenesis is the synthesis of glucose from lactate and amino acids.
Important in starvation: glucose synthesis from non-carbohydrate components in
the mitochondria.
glycogenolysis - ANSWER: In the presence of glucagon, the liver releases
glycogen as glucose.
glycogenesis is the synthesis of glycogen in the liver in ANSWER to excess
carbohydrates.
What is glucose transformed into to use as energy? ANSWER: ATP
Glucose cannot spontaneously diffuse across a cell membrane. It must be delivered
by protein carrier molecules (facilitated diffusion).
, ANSWER: The gastrointestinal tract and renal tubules.
The rate of ___________ secretion regulates glucose consumption. ANSWER
insulin
insulin facilitates the transport of glucose (facilitated diffusion).
Pancreatic alpha cells release what? Glucagon.
Pancreatic beta cells secrete what? ANSWER: insulin and amylin.
Pancreatic delta cells release what? ANSWER: gastrin and somatostatin
What stimulates the pancreas' release of glucagon? ANSWER: Low blood sugar
levels.
What stimulates insulin release by the pancreas? ANSWER: increasing blood
glucose, parasympathetic nervous system.
What is A1C? The average blood sugar during a three-month period.
What is a typical fasting glucose level? Answer: <100 mg/dl
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