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NUR 228 UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL EXAM LATEST UPDATED
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NUR 228 UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL EXAM LATEST UPDATED...
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NUR 228 UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL EXAMLATEST UPDATED
Which cells secrete HCl (hydrochloric acid) in the stomach to aid digestion? -
Answer: parietal cells.
Esophageal diseases - Answer: GERD
Hiatal hernia
inflammatory illnesses of the stomach - ANSWER: gastritis
Acute gastroenteritis.
-PUD
Dysphagia - ANSWER difficulty swallowing that starts with solids and moves to
liquids
mechanical obstruction - answer: stenosis or stricture.
-diverticula
-tumor
neuromuscular dysfunction - ANSWER CVA
-achalasia
achalasia - the lower oesophagal sphincter does not open adequately.
, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) - ANSWER backflow from the stomach
to the oesophagus
-occurs through the lower esophageal sphincter.
A highly acidic substance.
What are the possible outcomes of GERD? - ANSWER: inflammation.
-pain
-complications include ulceration, scarring, strictures, and Barrett's oesophagus.
GERD aetiology - ANSWER: anything that changes the closure strength of the
LES or increases abdominal pressure.
Examples of anything that changes the closure strength of the LES or increases
abdominal pressure - ANSWER: fatty meals
-caffeine
-large quantities of booze.
- Cigarette smoking
-Sleeping Position
-obesity
-pregnancy
Pharmacological agents
Clinical signs of GERD - ANSWER: heartburn
-dyspepsia
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