Exam (elaborations)
ALU 201 - Ch 8: The Nervous System (A&P) questions and answers graded A+ 2024/2025
- Course
- Institution
ALU 201 - Ch 8: The Nervous System (A&P) questions and answers graded A+ 2024/2025
[Show more]
Content preview
ALU 201 - Ch 8: The Nervous System(A&P)
BOX 8-1: MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
MS is a _____________ disorder that is brought on by both genetic and environmental
factors. - ANSdemyelinating
BOX 8-1: MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
MS is an _________ disorder that is believed to involve both genetic and environmental
factors
Environmental factors that increase the risk for MS
- infection w/ the Epstein-Barr virus
- deficiency of Vit D - ANSautoimmune
BOX 8-1: MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
In MS, the autoantibodies that are produced destroy the _____________ , the
myelin-producing neuroglia of the CNS, which results in the formation of scleroses, or
plaques of scar tissue, that do not provide electrical insulation or protect the axon
Bc loss of myelin may occur in many parts of the CNS, the symptoms vary, but usually
include:
- muscle weakness or paralysis
- numbness or partial loss of sensation
- double vision
- loss of spinal cord reflexes, including urination and defecation - ANSoligodendrocytes
BOX 8-1: MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
The first sxs usually appear between the ages of ___ and ____ yrs
- remissions and progression of the disease are not predictable
- there is no cure for MS - ANS20 and 40
TABLE 8-1: NEUROGLIA
OLIGODENDROCYTES
- produce the segments of the myelin sheath to electrically insulate neurons of the CNS
MICROGLIA
- capable of movement and phagocytosis of pathogens and damaged tissue
, ASTROCYTES
- provide a framework for the developing fetal brain and support established neurons
- regulate localized blood flow in response to brain activity
- help maintain K+ level
- contribute to the blood-brain barrier
EPENDYMA
- line the ventricles of the brain and central canal of the spinal cord; many of the cells have
cilia; involved in circulation of cerebrospinal fluid - ANS
TABLE 8-2: THE NERVE IMPULSE
POLARIZATION (the neuron is not carrying an electrical impulse)
- neuron membrane has a positive (+) charge outside and a negative (-) charge inside
- Na+ ions are more abundant outside the cell
- K+ ions and negative ions are more abundant inside the cell. Sodium and potassium
pumps maintain these iron concentrations - ANS
TABLE 8-2: THE NERVE IMPULSE
DEPOLARIZATION (generated by a stimulus)
- neuron membrane becomes very permeable to Na+ ions, which rush into the cell
- the neuron membrane then has a negative (-) charge outside and a positive (+) charge
inside - ANS
TABLE 8-2: THE NERVE IMPULSE
PROPAGATION OF THE IMPULSE FROM POINT OF STIMULUS
- depolarization of part of the membrane makes adjacent membrane very permeable to Na+
ions, and subsequent depolarization, which similarly affects the next part of the membrane,
and so on
- the depolarization continues along the membrane of the neuron to the end of the axon -
ANS
TABLE 8-2: THE NERVE IMPULSE
REPOLARIZATION (immediately follows depolarization to complete the action potential)
- neuron membrane becomes very permeable to K+ ions, which rush out of the cell. This
restores the positive (+) charge outside and negative (-) charge inside the membrane
- the Na+ ions are returned outside and the K+ ions are returned inside by the sodium and
potassium pumps
- the neuron is now able to respond to another stimulus and generate another impulse - ANS
TABLE 8-3: MAJOR PERIPHERAL NERVES
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Qualityexam. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
81113 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now
