Exam (elaborations)
Chapter 04 Critical Thinking in Nursing
- Course
- Fundamentals of Nursing
- Institution
- Oxford College Of Emory University
Chapter 04 Critical Thinking in Nursing
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DAWITChapter 04: Critical Thinking in Nursing
Yoost & Crawford: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative
Practice, 3RD Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The patient is complaining of severe incisional pain 2 days after surgery. The patient has
Morphine ordered intravenously or by mouth. When the nurse chooses to give the medication
orally, this is an example of which thought process?
a. Decision making
b. Reasoning
c. Problem solving
d. Judgment
ANS: A
Decision making requires choosing a solution to a problem. Reasoning is the process by
which a nurse is able to focus and filter information and determine what is most important to
consider. A systematic, analytic approach in finding solutions is termed problem solving, and
judgment is the process of forming an opinion by comparing solutions through reasoning.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 4.1 TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection
Control NOT: Concepts: Clinical Judgment
2. The nurse is reviewing the last 3 days of a patient‘s pain history and notes that the pain level
has remained constant. The nurse validates the pain level with the patient and decides to
contact the provider for furthN
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enOario, which process is the nurse is using?
a. Decision making
b. Reasoning
c. Problem solving
d. Judgment
ANS: D
Processes dependent on critical thinking include problem solving, decision making, reasoning,
and judgment. Judgment is the process of forming an opinion by comparing solutions through
reasoning. The nurse observes that the patient‘s pain level is not decreasing and further
assesses the pain level through discussions with the patient. The nurse concludes that the
patient‘s pain should be further addressed and contacts the provider. Decision making requires
choosing a solution to a problem. The student is making a decision by reviewing two pertinent
resources related to the removal of staples. Reasoning is the process by which a nurse links
thoughts, ideas and facts together in a logical way. A systematic approach in finding solutions
is termed problem solving.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 4.1 TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection
Control NOT: Concepts: Clinical Judgment
3. The nurse has been hired for a first job and is nervous about making errors in clinical
judgment. It is important for the nurse to realize that clinical reasoning and the ability to make
decisions in a clinical setting occurs at which time?
, DAWIT
a. When it has been instilled in the content covered in nursing school.
b. When it is solely based in clinical experience.
c. When it develops over time with increased knowledge and expertise.
d. When it is an expectation of all nurses regardless of experience.
ANS: C
Clinical reasoning uses critical thinking, knowledge, and experience to develop solutions to
problems and make decisions in a clinical setting. A nurse‘s clinical-reasoning skills develop
over time with increased knowledge and expertise.
DIF: Understanding OBJ: 4.1 TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection
Control NOT: Concepts: Clinical Judgment
4. The nurse is taking an advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) recertification class. As part of
that class, the nurse and other nurses in the group rotate responsibilities during multiple mock
code exercises simulating cardiac arrest scenarios. The nurse recognizes what process is
assigning the nurses to these different responsibilities?
a. Concept mapping
b. Simulation
c. Role playing
d. Literature review
ANS: C
A role-play strategy involves assigning learners to different roles based on expected outcomes
in a particular setting. Other learners and facilitators observe the role playing, and then all are
involved in the debriefing or discussion of the scenario. As with simulation, this approach
allows learners to interact in N
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onment. The concept map is a way to
organize and visualize data to identify relationships and solve problems. Simulated
experiences enable the student to apply previously learned content in a safe and realistic
environment that allows time for questioning, clarifying, and feedback. Students develop
confidence in providing direct nursing care. Because critical thinking cannot occur about
subjects that are unknown, a review of literature may foster this type of thinking by
addressing knowledge deficits.
DIF: Understanding OBJ: 4.7 TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination
5. The nurse is preparing to administer an anticoagulant when the patient says, ―Why do I have
these bruises on my arms?‖ The nurse reviews the patient‘s blood tests and notes an abnormal
bleeding time. When the nurse then decides to hold the medication and notify the health care
provider, the nurse recognizes this to be an example of which action?
a. Thinking aloud
b. Reviewing the literature
c. Applying knowledge
d. Role playing
ANS: C
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