Exam (elaborations)
Chapter 18 Human Development, Young Adult Through Older Adult
- Course
- Fundamentals of Nursing
- Institution
- Oxford College Of Emory University
Chapter 18 Human Development, Young Adult Through Older Adult
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DAWITChapter 18: Human Development: Young Adult Through Older Adult
Yoost & Crawford: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative
Practice, 3RD Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse working in long-term care knows that there are multiple theories regarding aging.
The one the nurse most identifies with proposes that the body‘s cells are leading to damaged
organs and organ systems. This description is congruent with which theory?
a. Cross-linking theory of aging
b. Wear-and-tear theory
c. Gould‘s theory on adult development
d. Senescence theory of aging
ANS: B
The wear-and-tear theory states that body cells are damaged from years of hard use. The
cross-linking theory relates changes of aging to cross-linked and connected cells and systems
become hardened over time, decreasing function. Gould‘s theory is a psychosocial one
looking at tasks the adult completes, not physical changes. ―Senescence‖ means biologic
aging; there is no senescence theory of aging.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 18.1 TOP: Teaching/Learning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
NOT: Concepts: Development
2. A nurse is obtaining a history from a 37-year-old patient. What statement by the patient
indicates that he has met the N
agUe-R
apSpI
roNpG
riaTteBdeveO
lopmental task according to Gould?
a. Patient describes moving out of his parents‘ house into an apartment.
b. Patient reminisces about past life events and accomplishments.
c. Patient questions his life choices such as profession and decision not to marry.
d. Patient expresses satisfaction in having his own family and successful career.
ANS: D
According to Gould, this patient is in the midlife decade, which occurs after the upheaval of
entering the adult world and questioning one‘s decisions, but prior to reconciling one‘s life
and becoming stabilized. The patient who has moved out of his parents‘ house is
demonstrating activities seen in the early adulthood stage in which leaving the parents‘ world
is paramount. Reminiscing about the past life occurs as part of the reconciliation stage, seen in
an older person. Questioning and reexamining are typically seen in the stage for 28- to
34-year olds.
DIF: Evaluating OBJ: 18.1 TOP: Evaluation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
NOT: Concepts: Development
3. The nurse plans to develop a comprehensive screening tool to use with young adults,
assessing their lifestyles and healthy living habits. What barrier must the nurse plan to
overcome to make this screening successful?
a. Young adults may not see a health provider regularly.
b. Young adults are so diversified that a screening tool may not be appropriate.
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, DAWIT
c. Young adults have too many risky lifestyle behaviors to make education relevant.
d. Young adults are too busy with their lives to see a health care provider regularly.
ANS: A
Since young adults are at the peak of their physical development and abilities, they may not
see a health care provider on a regular basis. Screening tools can be used with any population.
When riskier behaviors are demonstrated, the more education is needed. Time constraints are
generally not the main reason young adults do not have regular medical care.
DIF: Analyzing OBJ: 18.3 TOP: Analysis
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
NOT: Concepts: Development
4. A nurse who uses Havighurst‘s theory of development is assessing a young adult. What
question does the nurse ask to provide the most relevant information about this person‘s
successful negotiation of this developmental stage?
a. ―Do you find yourself doing familiar tasks in new ways to accomplish them?‖
b. ―Please count backwards from 100 by 7s, such as 100, 93, and so on.‖
c. ―What occupation have you chosen for your life‘s work?‖
d. ―Do you still have a good relationship with your parents and siblings?‖
ANS: C
According to Havighurst, one of the tasks of the young adult is to select an occupation.
Changing the approach one performs familiar tasks is seen in the middle adult stage. Seriation
activities test fluid intelligence and are often used in middle adulthood. Although for
Havighurst, achieving emotional independence from parents is important, that does not
preclude having a good relationship with them.
DIF: Applying
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OBJ: 18.1 TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
NOT: Concepts: Development
5. A nurse reads on a patient‘s chart that she has sarcopenia. What assessment does the nurse
perform to confirm this?
a. Mini-mental state exam
b. Tests of muscle strength
c. Gait and balance
d. Vision and hearing
ANS: B
―Sarcopenia‖ means loss of tissue. Muscle tissue and muscle mass both tend to decrease
starting in the 30s. The nurse assesses muscle strength to get information about possible
sarcopenia in this patient. Tests of cognition, gait and balance, and sensory perception are not
related.
DIF: Applying OBJ: 18.2 TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
NOT: Concepts: Development
6. A nurse is assessing a middle-aged adult for cognitive skills. The patient has difficulty with
seriation tests. What action by the nurse is most appropriate?
a. Document the findings and continue the assessment.
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