Exam (elaborations)
Chapter 31 Cognitive and Sensory Alterations
- Course
- Fundamentals of Nursing
- Institution
- Oxford College Of Emory University
Chapter 31 Cognitive and Sensory Alterations
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DAWITChapter 31: Cognitive and Sensory Alterations
Yoost & Crawford: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative
Practice, 3RD Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A nurse is caring for a patient with a stroke that has altered her ability to see. The nurse knows
which area of the brain was likely impacted by the stroke that is responsible for visual
function?
a. Parietal lobes
b. Frontal lobes
c. Occipital lobes
d. Temporal lobes
ANS: C
The occipital lobes process visual information. The frontal lobes of the cerebrum are the areas
of the brain responsible for voluntary motor function, concentration, communication, decision
making, and personality. The parietal lobes are responsible for the sense of touch,
distinguishing the shape and texture of objects. The temporal lobes are concerned with the
senses of hearing and smell.
DIF: Applying OBJ: 31.1 TOP: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity NOT: Concepts: Cognition
2. The family of a patient who was in a motor vehicle accident tells the nurse ―I‘m just not the
.‖ TR
person I was before the crashN he nIursG
e reB
co.gC
nizeM
s this is likely because of the injury to
what area of brain?
a. Parietal lobes
U S N T O
b. Frontal lobes
c. Occipital lobes
d. Temporal lobes
ANS: B
The frontal lobes of the cerebrum are the areas of the brain responsible for voluntary motor
function, concentration, communication, decision making, and personality. The parietal lobes
are responsible for the sense of touch, distinguishing the shape and texture of objects. The
temporal lobes are concerned with the senses of hearing and smell. The occipital lobes process
visual information.
DIF: Understanding OBJ: 31.1 TOP: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity NOT: Concepts: Cognition
3. The nurse is educating the family of a patient in the intensive care unit about the patient‘s
cognitive status, including the current problem of delirium. Which statement by the family
indicates a need for further education?
a. ―The delirium can be caused by sensory overload.‖
b. ―The delirium is reversible.‖
c. ―The delirium is a mood disorder.‖
d. ―The delirium is a state of confusion.‖
, DAWIT
ANS: C
Delirium is a reversible state of acute confusion. It is characterized by a disturbance in
consciousness or a change in cognition that develops over 1 to 2 days and is caused by a
medical condition. Delirium may occur in intensive care patients as a result of sensory
overload. It is not a mood disorder.
DIF: Evaluating OBJ: 31.2 TOP: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity NOT: Concepts: Cognition
4. The nurse is caring for a patient with depression. Which statement by the patient indicates a
need for further education?
a. ―Depression can be caused by chemical changes in the brain.‖
b. ―Depression is always treated with medication.‖
c. ―Depression is a mood disorder.‖
d. ―Depression can have a rapid onset.‖
ANS: B
Depression is usually reversible with treatment either by eliminating the underlying cause,
providing counseling, or prescribing antidepressive agents. Depression is a mood disorder and
is believed to be caused by chemical changes in the brain. Depression usually has a rapid
onset, and the patient‘s mood is constant.
DIF: Evaluating OBJ: 31.2 TOP: Evaluation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity NOT: Concepts: Cognition
5. The nurse is caring for a patient who is complaining of tingling in the hands and fingers. The
nurse knows this is a sign of what electrolyte imbalance?
a. Hyponatremia NURSINGTB.COM
b. Hypernatremia
c. Hypocalcemia
d. Hypercalcemia
ANS: C
Tactile disturbances, such as tingling and numbness around the mouth and in the fingers, are
signs of hypocalcemia. Mental changes are associated with both hypercalcemia and
hypocalcemia. Both hypernatremia and hyponatremia have symptoms of central nervous
system disorder.
DIF: Understanding OBJ: 31.3 TOP: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity NOT: Concepts: Cognition
6. The nurse is providing discharge instructions to an older adult who is being discharged with
orthostatic hypotension. Which response by the patient indicates a need for further education?
a. ―I should take my blood pressure once a day at home.‖
b. ―I should get up quickly to avoid my blood pressure dropping.‖
c. ―I should drink plenty of water during the day.‖
d. ―I should get up slowly and carefully.‖
ANS: B
In orthostatic hypotension, dizziness and loss of consciousness may occur if a patient changes
position too quickly. Instead they should change positions slowly. A patient can take their
blood pressure at home to monitor it. Drinking water will keep them hydrated.
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