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GMS6121 Exam One | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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GMS6121 Exam One | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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GMS6121 Exam One | Questions And Answers Latest {2024- 2025} A+ Graded | 100%Verified
The basic component of a virion that is required to protect the nucleic acid genome is the: - capsid
Enveloped viruses are susceptible to many environmental stresses such as dehydrating agents due to
the sensitivity of their: - lipid membrane
Each triangular face of a capsid is usually made of __ proteins. - 3
The Baltimore classification system, the most commonly used virus classification system, groups viruses
based on: - genome structure, plus reverse transcriptase
Naked capsid virus entry into a cell is usually via endocytosis, whereas enveloped viruses are released
into the cell after undergoing: - membrane fusion
The 4 things that viruses lack - (1) Enzymes that produce basic chemical building blocks
(2) Enzyme systems that generate usable energy
(3) Enzymes/tRNAs/ribosomes that direct protein synthesis
(4) Membranes that concentrate and localize key molecules
All viruses have _______ and _______, while only some viruses have ________. - nucleic acids and a
capsid; an envelope
A ________ is a complete, infectious virus particle. - virion
Naked capsids are ______ to drying, heat, detergents, and acid. - resistant
Enveloped capsids are ________ to drying, heat, detergents, and acid. - sensitive
,General stages of virus infection - 1) Adsorption
2) Entry
3) Uncoating
4) Early genes
5) Replication
6) Late genes
7) Assembly
8) Packaging
9) Release
Immunofluorescence - method that uses virus-specific antibodies to detect a specific viral protein,
usually in a tissue section biopsy or cells from fluid
ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) - method that uses virus-specific antibodies to detect virus
particles or secreted viral proteins in fluid
Electron microscopy - method used to detect viral particles in lesion
Cytopathic effects include: - -Cell lysis
-Rounding (or other morphological changes)
-Syncytia
-Inclusion bodies
Transformed cells display one or more of these changes: - -Loss of anchorage dependence
-Loss of contact inhibition
-Colony formation
-Immortalization
-Tumor formation in immunocompromised mice
Why do virus preps have such low infectivity? - -Not all virus particles are intact
, -Virus particles can contain defective genomes
-Virus particles can be empty
-Cells have antiviral defense mechanisms
Serology - the diagnostic detection of antibodies in serum, to measure the immune response to viral
infection
Antibodies to virus proteins are generated by _____ in response to infection. - B cells
Pathogenesis - the process by which one organism causes disease in another
The majority of viral infections are __________. - subclinical
Two components of viral disease: - -Effects of virus replication on the host
-Effects of host response on virus and the host
Tamiflu is a ________ inhibitor. - neuraminidase
An example of a live attenuated vaccine is: - polio
An example of a subunit vaccine is: - hep b
The ____________ is the most common route of viral entry. - respiratory tract
Mechanical barriers to infection in the respiratory tract include: - -Mucus traps viruses
-ciliary action propels viruses out of the lungs
-sneezing
-coughing
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