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BIOL 235 Chapter 7 (questions and answers ).
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BIOL 235 Chapter 7 (questions and answers ).
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BIOL 235Chapter 7
(questions and
answers 2024-
2025)
What is the axial skeleton? - answer Consists of
bones around the longitudinal axis of the body (80
bones, including skull, auditory ossicles, hyoid,
ribs, sternum, vertebral column)
What is the appendicular skeleton? - answer
Consists of bones of the extremities and girdles
that connect limbs to the axial skeleton (126
bones)
What is a long bone? - answer Bones that are
longer than they are wide (slightly curved), have a
shaft (diaphysis) and epiphyses
,Consist mostly of compact bone tissue (diaphysis),
epiphyses contain spongy bone tissue
(e.g. femur, tibia, fibula, humerus, ulna, radius,
phalanges)
What is a short bone? - answer A cube-shaped
bone with nearly equal length and width, consists
of spongy bone tissue (e.g. carpals and tarsals)
What is a flat bone? - answer Thin bones
composed of 2 parallel plates of compact bone
enclosing a layer of spongy bone (e.g. cranium,
ribs, scapulae)
What is an irregular bone? - answer Have complex
shapes (not grouped into any other category), vary
in amount of compact and spongy bone tissue (e.g.
vertebrae, hips, some facial bones, calcaneus)
What is a sesamoid bone? - answer Bones that
develop in certain tendons where there is a lot of
friction/stress (e.g. palms or soles) and may not be
completely ossified
Patellae are always present, but others can vary
from person to person
Protect tendons from excessive wear
, What is a sutural bone? - answer Small bones
located in sutures between cranial bones (number
varies between people)
What are surface markings? - answer Structural
features on bones that are adapted for specific
functions (develop in response to forces, not
present at birth)
What are depression/opening surface markings? -
answer Sites allowing passage of soft tissue
(blood vessels, nerves, tendons, ligaments) or form
joints
What is a fissure? - answer A narrow slit between
adjacent parts of bones (blood vessels or nerves
pass through)
What is a foramen? - answer A hole/opening
(blood vessels, nerves or ligaments pass through)
What is a fossa? - answer A shallow depression
What is a sulcus? - answer A furrow along bone
surface that accommodates blood vessels, nerves,
or tendons
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