ABSC 160 Exam 3 Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
ABSC 160
Institution
ABSC 160
Syntax the grammar of a language
Phonology The study of the sounds of language.
Morphology The study of how words are formed
Morpheme smallest unit of language that has meaning
Phoneme smallest unit of sound
Behaviorism The idea that all behaviors are learned through interaction with the envir...
ABSC 160 Exam 3 Practice Questions
and Correct Answers
Syntax ✅the grammar of a language
Phonology ✅The study of the sounds of language.
Morphology ✅The study of how words are formed
Morpheme ✅smallest unit of language that has meaning
Phoneme ✅smallest unit of sound
Behaviorism ✅The idea that all behaviors are learned through interaction with the
environment. developed by John Watson
Cognitive Theory ✅A theory of human development that focuses on changes in how
people think over time.
Wernicke's area ✅The area that primarily deals with written and spoken language
comprehension
Broca's area ✅a region in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere of the brain with
functions linked to speech production.
stages of learning development ✅Sensorimotor stage (0-2 years old)
Preoperational stage (2-7 years old)
Concrete operational stage (7-11 years old)
Formal operational stage (11 years old through adulthood)
phonics approach instruction ✅teaching reading by first teaching the sounds of each
letter and of various letter combinations
whole language instruction ✅a way to teach reading that emphasizes understanding
the meaning of words from the context in which they appear
balanced reading approach ✅an approach to teaching reading that combines elements
of the whole language approach (which emphasizes comprehension and meaning) with
elements of the phonics approach (which emphasizes decoding of words)
speech sound disorder ✅difficulty producing or using sounds at an age-appropriate
level
, language disorder ✅impaired comprehension and/or use of spoken, written, and/or
other symbol systems
generalized imitation ✅occurs when child imitates behaviors that have not yet led to
reinforcement. this happens because of a history with other imitative behaviors being
reinforced
Five-step process for language development ✅1. parents use the sound of the child's
native language
2. sounds of native language become secondary reinforcers
3. during babbling one of these sounds is emitted (by luck)
4. consequence= hearing the sound
5. the response is automatically reinforced
Verbal Behavior ✅teaches people how to label things and to associate words and
things with their purposes.
mand ✅A type of verbal operant in which a speaker asks for (states, demands,
implies, etc) what he needs or wants
tact ✅Labeling an item followed by non-specific social reinforcement
echoic ✅A type of verbal operant that occurs when a speaker repeats the verbal
behavior of another speaker
Intraverbal ✅Answering questions or having conversations with others, your responses
are controlled by the behavior of others, typically the words that they use.
textual ✅A type of verbal behavior evoked by written, printed symbols, or reading.
socio-emotional development ✅The changes in the way a person's social
relationships, feelings, social skills, self-esteem, gender identity, and ways of coping
with situations develop from birth through older adulthood.
Marshmallow Test ✅4 year old given choice take marshmallow now or wait 10
minutes, until researchers returns, and have 2. at age 18, group who took marshmallow
was more irritated, had more fights, still couldn't delay gratification. second group, ones
who waited, had 210pt advantage on SAT's, more popular, could still delay gratification
phylogenic contributions ✅evolutionary change in an organism over time
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