Hypersensitivities - N5315 Advanced
Pathophysiology| ACCURATE QUESTIONS
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Disorder of the peripheral nervous system; antibodies bind with myelin sheath of
peripheral nervous system and trigger immune response, causing demyelination
of the peripheral nerves and a rapidly progressive, ascending paralysis.
- ANSWER What is Guillain-Barre' Syndrome?
Antibodies form against and bind to circulating antigens. This forms an antigen-
antibody complex
- ANSWER What is Type III Hypersensitivity?
Once the complex is formed, they are deposited in vessel walls or extravascular
tissue and trigger an immune and inflammatory response
- ANSWER What happens once the antigen-antibody complex is formed in Type III
hypersensitivities?
It causes cellular and tissue damage
- ANSWER What does the immune and inflammatory response of Type III
hypersensitivities cause?
They are both IgG and IgM mediated responses.
,- ANSWER How is Type III hypersensitivity similar to Type II hypersensitivity?
Type III is not specific to a cell or tissue. The antigen antibody complexes are
spread via circulation throughout the body and generate a more diffuse reaction. -
ANSWER How is Type III hypersensitivity different from Type II hypersensitivity?
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis
- ANSWER What are some examples of Type III hypersensitivities?
A chronic, multisystem, inflammatory disease; antibodies are formed against DNA
and other nuclear components; antibody antigen complexes are deposited in a
variety of tissues and this activates complement
- ANSWER What is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?
Women between ages 20-40
- ANSWER Who does Systemic Lupus Erythematosus primarily affect?
They include butterfly rash (localized to cheeks), photosensitivity, nonerosive
arthritis of at least 2 peripheral joints, serositis, proteinuria, seizures, anemia,
leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Symptoms and intensity may vary, with no
way of predicting either.
- ANSWER What are clinical manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?
A systemic autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of connective
tissues primarily in the joints.
- ANSWER What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?
, It affects 1-2% of adults and is more common in women; incidence increases after
age 30.
- ANSWER Who does Rheumatoid Arthritis affect?
IgM autoantibodies are formed against IgG antibodies and they bind together and
form an antigen antibody complex. These antigen antibody complexes are
deposited in the synovial membranes. The membranes are then infiltrated with T-
cells, plasma cells, macrophages and the inflammatory process is started. This
causes tissue damage which results in the characteristic joint inflammation, pain
and destruction of synovial membrane. This is a progressive disease and the
damage is irreversible. It leads to deformity and disability.
- ANSWER What is the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis?
The include widespread, symmetrical joint swelling, erythemic joints which are
warm to touch, loss of function in the joints, morning stiffness that improves with
movement, weight loss, weakness, and anorexia.
- ANSWER What are the clinical manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis?
(delayed, cell mediated); a reaction that is mediated by T-Cell Lymphocytes and
does not require antibody participation. It is a delayed reaction that occurs in 24-
72 hours post-exposure to an antigen.
- ANSWER What is Type IV hypersensitivity?
Contact dermatitis, reactive tuberculin skin test, and solid organ transplant
rejection
- ANSWER What are examples of Type IV hypersensitivity?
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