Exam (elaborations)
NCE; RESEARCH AND PROGRAM EVALUATION TEST
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NCE; RESEARCH AND PROGRAMEVALUATION TEST
Research is the systematic process of collecting and analyzing data for a specific
objective.
Such as examining a problem or answering a query.
Evidence-based research entails searching for knowledge using empirical facts.
been collected methodically.
Inductive Research - ANSWER: This research begins on a practical, real-world
level. It tends to
descriptive, correlational, or historical, which leads to the development of theory.
Deductive Research - ANSWER: This research is based on previously known
theories.
This study attempts to discover the links between aspects of the theory and may be
experimental.
Survey - ANSWER This non-experimental design, which may include
questionnaires, interviews, and other methods, is used to assess attitudes,
perceptions, and so on.
Descriptive - ANSWER This study simply describes the current state of events.
Numbers can be used to classify groups or individuals.
Comparative - ANSWER: This research approach examines whether there are
differences between two or more groups. There is no manipulation of the
conditions encountered by each group.
,Correlational - ANSWER: This research approach use the correlation coefficient to
assess the degree of link between two or more variables or occurrences.
Ex Post Facto - ANSWER Also known as causal-comparative, this study method
examines potential causal links among variables after the fact.
True Experiment - ANSWER This study is distinguished by the use of
experimental and control groups, with random assignment to each.
Quasi-Experiment - ANSWER This research is comparable to experimental
research except that volunteers cannot be randomly assigned to treatment or control
groups. There may be no control or comparison group available.
Qualitative research focuses on acquiring data on naturally occurring phenomena
and events. Data collection may be in the form of words rather than numbers.
Mixed-method research designs combine quantitative and qualitative
methodologies in a single study effort. The researcher retains the option to adopt
either form of design. Typically, the designs are applied successively.
Single-subject design - ANSWER research design that evaluates the effects of a
program or treatment on an individual or group treated as an individual, typically
after establishing a baseline.
Action research is ANSWER research undertaken to enhance services or programs.
This research may be considered as having an evaluative role.
A pilot study is a small-scale research effort that is commonly used to identify
viability of a large-scale initiative with a focus on refining methods and
instrumentation
, Longitudinal Research - ANSWER involves gathering data from the same group of
Individuals over time. This is also known as a panel study.
Cross-sectional research - ANSWER involves gathering data from various groups
at
at the same time and investigate these variances.
Meta-analysis is research that compares findings across studies, i.e., the results of
multiple studies are analyzed simultaneously and one or more research questions
are answered.
Internal validity refers to the amount to which external variables have been
controlled.
Instrumentation - ANSWER Differences in results between two or more groups
may be caused by unreliable instruments or because the instruments are modified
during the investigation.
Maturation - ANSWER findings may be attributable to maturational or other
changes in the patients, not the treatment being used. This is especially crucial
when collecting study data over a lengthy period of time.
Mortality or Attrition - ANSWER Losing people throughout the trial may produce
different results than if everyone stayed. Subjects with the highest or least number
of key qualities for the study may drop out.
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