PHIL170 Exam 1 Questions And Current Update Answers
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Course
PHIL170
Institution
PHIL170
PHIL170 Exam 1 Questions And Current Update Answers
- Answer -
.An assignment - Answer -Is a pair of a given atomic sub sentence with either T or F
.Argument - Answer -Any collection of premises together with a conclusion
.Atomic sentences - Answer -Any capital letter, with or without n...
.Conclusion - Answer -Is the sentence that the argument is meant to support
.Conclusion indicators - Answer -Words that lead or indicate the conclusion
e.g therefore, hence, thus, accordingly
.Conditional (if...then) - Answer -Symbol = ->
(A -> B) = If A, then B / A only if B
.Conjunction (and) - Answer -Symbol = ^
(A ^ B) = A and B
.Contingency - Answer -possibility
Are capable of being both true or false in different scenarios
Either the dog is barking or not barking
.Counterexample - Answer -An argument that makes the conclusion false despite the
premises potentially being true.
, Even if the premise sounds factually correct, the conclusion can still be false because of
a counterexample.
.Deductive arguments - Answer -Study of arguments whose premises are meant to
guarantee their conclusion
Are valid
Truth of the premises guarantees the truth of their conclusion
.Disjunction (either...or) - Answer -Symbol = v
(A v B) = A or B
.If there is <-> in a truth table, - Answer -Every double false or double true = always true
.In a truth table, the columns are decided by - Answer -the number of possible
sentences
e.g P -> ¬ (P ^ Q) has 5 columns
.In a truth table, the number of rows is decided by: - Answer -2^N
N= Number of atomic sentences
.In a truth tables with arguments that have a conjunction, - Answer -both columns need
to be true in order to be considered true for the last column
.In a truth tables with arguments that have a disjunction, - Answer -only needs one
column to be true
.Inductive arguments - Answer -arguments whose reasons lead to probable conclusions
Premise makes the conclusion LIKELY or PROBABLE but not guaranteed
.Invalid argument - Answer -When the conclusion is false despite the premises being
true.
An argument is invalid if there is a counterexample.
E.g If A, then B. It's not B, then = A.
.It is equivalent when - Answer -Two sentences have the same truth values in EVERY
row of the truth table
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