,1. Multiple Choice: Which of the following research designs is
most appropriate for establishing causality?
a) Correlational
b) Experimental
c) Descriptive
d) Ethnographic
Correct Answer: b) Experimental
Rationale: Experimental designs allow the researcher to
manipulate the independent variable and control for confounding
variables, thereby providing a powerful method for establishing
cause-and-effect relationships.
2. Fill-in-the-Blank: In a controlled experiment, the group that does
not receive the experimental treatment is known as the
__________ group.
Correct Answer: Control
Rationale: The control group serves as a baseline that the
experimental group's results are compared against to determine the
effect of the independent variable.
, 3. True/False: Qualitative data can be easily quantified and
statistically analyzed.
Correct Answer: False
Rationale: Qualitative data consist of non-numerical information
such as themes, patterns, and narratives, which are not suitable for
statistical analysis without conversion into a quantifiable format.
4. Multiple Response: Select all that apply. Which of the following
are common characteristics of quantitative research methods?
a) Use of statistical analysis
b) Collection of numerical data
c) Subjective interpretation of data
d) Focus on measurement and objectivity
Correct Answers: a) Use of statistical analysis, b) Collection of
numerical data, d) Focus on measurement and objectivity
Rationale: Quantitative research is characterized by the collection
and statistical analysis of numerical data, with an emphasis on
objectivity and measurement.
Multiple Choice:
What is the primary goal of inquiry-based learning in science
education?
a) To memorize scientific facts
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