, Pathophysiology of sepsis - ANS-happens when body is invaded by a pathogen: virus, bacteria,
fungi etc
1) Bodys immune response/inflammatory response is triggered
2)White blood cells come to the rescue (increase WBC)
-White blood cells have weapons called inflammatory mediators and cytokines (i.e. interleukins,
tumor necrosis factor, interferons, and histamines) that they release into the blood
3) Release of inflammatory mediators and cytokines cause vasodilation, capillary leak, and
blood clotting
-causes decrease blood pressure, increase swelling. less blood going to the bodies organs
4) organs are not getting enough blood flow--> not getting the oxygen they need--> organs start
to die
5) Metabolic acidosis: organs aren't working how they should; buildup of CO2, Lactic acid and
waste products
-if kidneys aren't working fully, not producing bicarb to help balance
6)Septic Shock: not responding to treatment to fluid (30ml/kg fluid resus).
7) Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: when 2 or more organs have failed
Cardiac output - ANSstroke volume x heart rate
normal cardiac output - ANS4-8 L/min
-average 5
Cardiac index - ANS2.5-4 L/min/m2
-assessment of CO taking body size into account
-CO/BSA
MAP - ANS-mean arterial pressure
-average pressure in patients aftery during one cardiac cycle (systole + diastole)
-normal 70-100
MAP formula - ANS(SBP + 2DBP)/3
Cerebral perfusion pressure - ANSMAP-ICP
normal 60-80 mmhg
SVR - ANSrefers to the resistance to blood flow offered by all of the systemic vasculature,
excluding the pulmonary vasculature
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