BIOD 171 Portage Learning Final Exam
Review
True/False. A virus is considered a microorganism. - correct answer False, Viruses
are not living and as such are not considered microorganisms. Viruses can,
however, be classified as microbes, a more general term that includes
microorganisms and viruses.
What is the smallest biological unit of life? - correct answer A cell
What are the four main types of macromolecules found in cells? - correct answer
Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids, Carbohydrates
Proteins are formed from various combinations of - correct answer Amino acids
There are how many known forms of amino acids - correct answer twenty
How many amino acids are classified as being essential amino acids? - correct
answer Nine
Where can the two major types of nucleic acids be found in the cell? - correct
answer DNA, RNA. Found in the nucleus.
What is the role of RNA? - correct answer RNA , found in the nucleus is capable of
leaving the nucleus. RNA is repsponsible for deciphering the hereditary
information in DNA and uses it to synthesize proteins.
What is the role of DNA? - correct answer DNA, found in the nucleus contains
vast amount of hereditary inforamtion, responible for inhereitable characteristic
os living organisms.
Complete the following RNA strand, and indicate how many bonds are formed for
each complementary pair:
3' GGUCAUCG 5'5' CC AGC 3' - correct answer 3' GGUCAUCG 5'5' CCAGUAGC
3'There are 2 bonds formed between A and U, and 3 bonds between G and C.
The plasma membrane - correct answer Restricts movement of materials in and
out of the cell & Prevents essential nutrients from escaping
How many carbon atoms are present in glucose? - correct answer 6
,BIOD 171 Portage Learning Final Exam
Review
True of False: The genetic material within a prokaryotic cell is contained within a
membrane-enclosed region. - correct answer False
Only eukaryotic cells contain its genetic material within a nucleus.
True or False: Prokaryotic cells can be subdivided into Bacteria and Archaea. -
correct answer True
True or False: Archaea is noted for its ability to survive under harsh conditions.
Correct! - correct answer True
Archaea can often be found in harsh conditions such as high salt levels, high acid
conditions, high temperatures and even oxygen-poor conditions.
Which of the following microorganisms are considered to be Eukarya? Select all
that apply. - correct answer Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista
Microorganisms classified as Plantae obtain most of their energy by converting
[answer1] energy into [answer2] energy. - correct answer 1. Light (sunlight)
2. chemical (sugars)
Which of the following are considered Protista? Select all that apply. - correct
answer Algae, Amoeba
The function of the ribosome is - correct answer Protein synthesis
True or False: Protista retain a unicellular classification, as they are unable to form
tissue layers. - correct answer True
Where are ribosomes located? - correct answer cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells
and in the ER of eukaryotic cells.
The combination of the cell membrane and the outer membrane is referred to as
the - correct answer Cell envelope
The function of the mitochondria is - correct answer To produce energy (ATP)
True or False. All multicellular microorganisms classified as Animalia are
autotropic. - correct answer False
, BIOD 171 Portage Learning Final Exam
Review
True or False: Metabolism is a controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur
in living organisms in order to maintain life. - correct answer True
True or False: Enzymes slow down chemical reactions to conserve energy. -
correct answer False
What is a cofactor? - correct answer A cofactor is a small chemical component
that assists an enzyme during the catalysis reactions. A cofactor is usually metal
ions.
Define catabolism - correct answer Catabolism is the process of breaking down
larger molecules into useful energy sources.
In order to convert proteins into amino acids which metabolic process would be
active? - correct answer Catabolism would be active as proteins are made up of
amino acids. Therefore the process described (proteins into amino acids) is the
breakdown, or catabolism of protein.
Describe the energy transfer process relative to both ATP and ADP. - correct
answer ATP has the energy (phosphate group) to donate while ADP can accept
energy in the form of a phosphate group. Thus, ATP can be reduced (ATP
⟶⟶ADP + Pi) while ADP can be built into ATP (ADP + Pi ⟶⟶ATP).
From what source do chemotrophs acquire energy? - correct answer
Chemotrophs acquire energy from preformed chemicals found in the
environment.
An organism that obtains its source of carbon from inorganic molecules such as
carbon dioxide is referred to as a ____________? - correct answer Autotroph
This phosphorylation process occurs in the mitochondria of chemotropic
eukaryotes. - correct answer Oxidative phosphorylation
The catabolism of a single molecule of glucose goes through what 3 distinct
transitions? - correct answer The breakdown of glucose goes through (1)
Glycolysis then (2) Fermentation or Respiration and finally through (3) the
electron transport chain (ETC).
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