Pharmacology – Antiarrhythmics UPDATED Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
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Course
Pharmacology – Antiarrhythmics
Institution
Pharmacology – Antiarrhythmics
Pharmacology – Antiarrhythmics
UPDATED Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
What is the mechanism of action of the class I antiarrhythmic drugs? - Correct Answer- They
block sodium channels to control the rate of rise in the action potential (Vmax) and the
effective refractory period.
What...
Pharmacology – Antiarrhythmics
UPDATED Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
What is the mechanism of action of the class I antiarrhythmic drugs? - Correct Answer- They
block sodium channels to control the rate of rise in the action potential (Vmax) and the
effective refractory period.
What are the two class Ia antiarrhythmic drugs on the drug list? - Correct Answer-
Procainamide and quinidine.
What are the common properties of the class I antiarrhythmic drugs? - Correct Answer-
Frequency dependence, voltage dependence, delayed recovery from inactivation, and
increased ratio of effective refractory period to action potential duration.
What are the major effects of the class Ia antiarrhythmic drugs? - Correct Answer- Reduced
Vmax, intermediate rate of binding and unbinding, and prolonged action potential duration
and effective refractory period.
What are the specific effects of the class Ib antiarrhythmic drugs? - Correct Answer- Less
effect on Vmax at therapeutic concentrations, rapid rate of binding and unbinding, and
shortened action potential duration and effective refractory period.
What are the specific effects of the class 1c antiarrhythmic drugs? - Correct Answer- More
strongly reduced Vmax, slow rate of binding and unbinding, and smaller effect on action
potential duration and effective refractory period than class Ia.
What are the therapeutic uses of procainamide? - Correct Answer- Supraventricular
arrhythmias: Occasionally used for acute treatment of atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation.
Ventricular arrhythmias: acute treatment of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular
fibrillation.
What two types of toxicity occur with procainamide? - Correct Answer- Cardiac toxicity and
hypersensitivity reactions in chronic use.
, What kind of cardiac toxicity occurs with procainamide? - Correct Answer- Slow conduction,
which can cause ventricular arrhythmias.
What are some common hypersensitivity reactions with chronic use of procainamide? -
Correct Answer- Fever after a few days, agranulocytosis, and lupus-like syndrome.
Besides sodium channel inhibition, what are the pharmacological effects of quinidine? -
Correct Answer- Anti-muscarinic activity and inhibition of potassium channels.
What are the therapeutic uses of quinidine? - Correct Answer- Supraventricular arrhythmias:
Chronic oral therapy for atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, and PSVT. Sometimes given with
digoxin to counteract anti-muscarinic activity and control ventricular rate. Ventricular
arrhythmias: Chronic treatment of tachyarrhythmias.
What is the toxicity of quinidine? - Correct Answer- Diarrhea, headache, and tinnitus. It can
also cause ventricular arrhythmias, and has a low therapeutic index due to its cardiac effects.
What are the two class Ib antiarrhythmics on the drug list? - Correct Answer- Lidocaine and
mexiletine.
How is lidocaine given? - Correct Answer- By IV infusion.
What are the therapeutic uses of lidocaine? - Correct Answer- Treatment of ventricular
arrhythmias in surgery and in the ICU, and treatment of digoxin-induced arrhythmias. It is
not used for endogenous supraventricular arrhythmias.
What is the toxicity of lidocaine? - Correct Answer- It has a high therapeutic index, but an
overdose can cause CNS symptoms such as drowsiness, irritability, and convulsions.
What are the pharmacological effects of mexiletine? - Correct Answer- It is a lidocaine
analog which is more stable than lidocaine, with a half life of 10-15 hours, which means it
can be given orally.
What are the therapeutic uses of mexiletine? - Correct Answer- Treatment of ventricular
arrhythmias and digoxin-induced arrhythmias. It is not used for endogenous supraventricular
arrhythmias.
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