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AQA A level psychology paper 2 Questions & 100% correct Answers- Latest Test | Graded A+ | Passed

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Define empiricism. Ξ -:- This is the belief that all knowlwdge is derived from sensory experience, rather that being innate. This is characterised by the use of the experimental scientific method in psychology. Contrast the behavioural and biological approaches. Ξ -:- - Behaviourists belie...

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E x c e l l e n c e i s k e y | 2 0 2 0 2 5 ~ P a g e |1




AQA A level psychology paper 2 Questions &
100% correct Answers- Latest Test | Graded A+ |
Passed
Define empiricism.

Ξ -:- This is the belief that all knowlwdge is derived from sensory experience, rather

that being innate. This is characterised by the use of the experimental scientific method in

psychology.



Contrast the behavioural and biological approaches.

Ξ -:- - Behaviourists believe all behaviour is learned through your environment

(through classical and operant conditioning) whereas biological psychology theorises that

behaviour is determined by genes, hormones and neurochemistry.

- Behaviourists take the side of nurture while biological psychologists favour nurture.

- Both are reductionist as they only focus on either environment or biology, rather than taking a
more holistic approach and considering psychodynamic explanations, for

example.

- Both have informed effective treatment methods, for example Classical conditioning has been
applied to systematic desensitisation, and this has been helpful in helping people deal with phobias,
while many medications have been developed to treat a whole range of mental illnesses.



Define schema.

Ξ -:- This is a mental framework of beliefs and expect that influence cognitive

processing. Schemas contain our understanding of an object, a person or an idea. Schemas

become increasingly complex during development as we gain more information about each

object/idea.



Which approaches are on the side of nature in the nature/nurture debate?

Ξ -:- - Biological

- Psychodynamic (stance is a compromise between nature and nurture)


26/08/2024 | © Copyright- This work may not be copied for profit.

, E x c e l l e n c e i s k e y | 2 0 2 0 2 5 ~ P a g e |2




What is meant by introspection?

Ξ -:- This is a technique devised by Wundt so a person can gain knowledge about

their own mental and emotional states as a result of the examination of their conscious

thoughts and feelings.



What is the role of reinforcement in behaviour?

Ξ -:- This refers to things that strengthen and increase the likelihood that a behaviour

will be repeated in the future.



Define conditions of worth.

Ξ -:- These are conditions imposed on an individuals behaviour and development that

are considered necessary to earn positive regard from significant others.



Which approaches take the side of nurture in the nature/nurture debate?

Ξ -:- - Behaviourist

- Humanistic

- Social Learning Theory

- Psychodynamic (stance is a compromise between nature and nurture)



Define vicarious reinforcement.

Ξ -:- This refers to learning that is not the result of direct reinforcement, but through

observing someone else being reinforced for that behaviour.



Define free will.

Ξ -:- This refers to the ability to act at one's discretion, how to choose to behave

without being influenced by external forces.



Define determinism.


26/08/2024 | © Copyright- This work may not be copied for profit.

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