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APEA-Cardiovascular- Patho (94 questions and answers).
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APEA-Cardiovascular- Patho (94 questions and answers).
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APEA-Cardiovascular-Patho (94 questions
and answers)
A common cause of diastolic heart failure is:
myocarditis
myocardial infarction
dilated cardiomyopathy
hypertension - answer Hypertension
long-term hypertension is a common cause of
diastolic heart failure.
Diastolic dysfunction occurs when the filling of one
or both ventricles is impaired because the ventricle
has become less compliant.
The heart must pump more forcefully in order to
push blood into circulation against increased
vascular resistance.
Which type of angina results from coronary artery
vasospasm and occurs in atypical patterns?
Classic angina
,Prinzmetal's angina
Unstable angina
Pleuritic chest pain - answer Prinzmetal's angina
Results from coronary artery vasospasm and
occurs in an atypical pattern. It is usually at a
single site. It can occur in a normal or disease
vessel. Pain is usually resolved with angina
medication.
Classic (stable angina) occurs when the heart is
stressed, lasts less than 5 minutes, and usually
resolves with rest.
Unstable angina is considered a medical
emergency because it lasts longer than 5 minutes,
does not follow the normal pain pattern, and may
not resolve with rest or angina medication. It is
often associated or signals a MI.
A patient who is in cardiogenic shock will present
with:
a high cardiac index
decreased vascular resistance
increased ventricular ejection fraction
mixed venous oxygen saturation - answer mixed
venous oxygen saturation
Patients will have a low cardiac index, elevated
filling pressures of the left, right, or both
,ventricles, and a decreased mixed venous oxygen
saturation.
With each heart beat, blood within the left and
right ventricle is ejected into the:
left atrium only
aorta and pulmonary artery
anterior descending artery
right coronary artery - answer aorta and
pulmonary artery
The primary cause of cardiogenic shock in a
patient with an acute MI is:
failure of the ventricle to pump blood adequately
failure of the aortic valve to pump blood
adequately
regurgitation of the tricuspid valve
regurgitation of the mitral valve - answer failure
of the ventricle to pump adequately
Unstable angina is characterized by:
angina with prolonged activity
angina symptoms lasting >6 months.
increasing crescendo angina
, angina with elevated cardiac markers - answer
increased crescendo angina
unstable angina is characterized by prolonged
angina at rest (usually >20 minutes at rest), and
increasing crescendo angina (now more frequent &
longer duration)
Which one of the following produces visible
evidence of an underlying problem with reverse
venous flow?
cellulitis
bruising
stasis dermatitis
varicose veins - answer varicose veins
Which one of the following is NOT an assessment
finding in a patient who is experiencing shock?
low urine output
end-organ hyperperfusion
poor mentation
hypotension - answer end-organ hyperperfusion
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