BSNC 1000 - Module 4-6 Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
BSNC 1000
Institution
BSNC 1000
Define perfusion blood flow and oxygen delivery to body tissues
Perfusion is influenced by -volume of blood pumped from the heart -radius of blood vessels -viscosity of blood -velocity of flow -blood pressure
impaired perfusion is exemplified by: -hypertension
-myocardial infarction
-heart fail...
BSNC 1000 - Module 4-6 Practice
Questions and Correct Answers
Define perfusion ✅blood flow and oxygen delivery to body tissues
Perfusion is influenced by ✅-volume of blood pumped from the heart
-radius of blood vessels
-viscosity of blood
-velocity of flow
-blood pressure
impaired perfusion is exemplified by: ✅-hypertension
-myocardial infarction
-heart failure
-shock
how do you measure pulse pressure? ✅systolic pressure - diastolic pressure
how do you measure BP? ✅CO x peripheral vascular resistance
how do you measure CO? ✅stroke volume x HR
how do you measure MAP? ✅CO x TPR
what major factors influence peripheral resistance ✅-vessel radius ***
-blood viscosity - resistance to flow (higher viscosity, higher resistance)
what is a sign? ✅manifestation noted by observer
ie/ temperature, swelling
what is a symptom? ✅subjective, perceived by client
ie/ pain, difficulty breathing, dizziness
what is an acute disorder? ✅severe, but self limiting
what is a chronic disease? ✅long term, continuous or exacerbations/remission
, what is subacute disease? ✅between acute and chronic
what defines hypertension? ✅-systolic BP > 140 mm/Hg
-diastolic BP > 90 mm/Hg
-imbalance between CO or TPR
what is primary hypertension? ✅cause is unknown but may be caused by:
-poor kidney function (fewer glomeruli where waste products)
-high dietary Na+
-lack of exercise
-smoking
-obesity
what is secondary hypertension? ✅-structure of blood vessels supplying kidneys are
altered
-tumors of glands that secrete hormones to raise BP
-atherosclerosis
what happens to the kidneys with hypertension? ✅nephrosclerosis (small, rough,
granular surface)
what happens to the brain with hypertension? ✅hemorrhagic stroke
what happens to the eyes with hypertension? ✅-retinopathy (retinal arterioles change
in structure)
-develop copper wire effect
-hemorrhages may occur in retina
-death of the light-sensing retinal cells
what happens to the heart with hypertension? ✅-aneurysm
-left ventricular hypertrophy
-atherosclerosis
how do you recognize adequate perfusion? ✅-orientation to
time/place/person/situation
-pulse rate between 60 & 100
-extremities warm
-capillary refill time
primary prevention methods for hypertension ✅heart healthy lifestyle
-healthy diet
-exercise most days of the week
-no smoking
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