NUR 342 Fundamentals of Nursing CH 25 Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 342
Institution
NUR 342
Transient bacteria and resident bacteria Transient bacteria, although usually easily removed by thorough hand washing, have the potential to adjust to the environment of the skin when they are present in large numbers over a long period of time, and become resident bacteria. If pathogenic organisms...
NUR 342 Fundamentals of Nursing CH
25 Review Questions and Correct
Answers
Transient bacteria and resident bacteria ✅Transient bacteria, although usually easily
removed by thorough hand washing, have the potential to adjust to the environment of
the skin when they are present in large numbers over a long period of time, and become
resident bacteria. If pathogenic organisms become resident bacteria on the skin, the
hands then become carriers of that particular organism
Most hais are caused by: ✅bacteria, such as C. Diff, E. Coli, S. Aureus, Streptococcus
faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella species
Hand Sanitizer pathogens ✅effective against gram-positive and gram-negative
bacteria including multidrug-resistant pathogens such as methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) or vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), HIV,
influenza, HBV, and hepatitis C virus (HCV). They are also highly effective in halting the
spread of seasonal flu, rhinovirus (the most common cause of colds), and many
emerging viral pathogens such as Ebola virus disease (EVD), Zika virus, and severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-cov-2).
When to use soap and water ✅alcohol-based handrubs are less effective with
Cryptosporidium (a waterborne parasite), norovirus (related to contaminated food), and
C. Diff
Clinical situations where alcohol-based hand rub is used ✅Before direct contact with
patients
After direct contact with patient's skin
After contact with body fluids, mucous membranes, nonintact skin, and wound
dressings, if hands are not visibly soiled
After removing gloves
Before inserting urinary catheters, peripheral vascular catheters, or invasive devices
that do not require surgical placement
Before donning sterile gloves prior to an invasive procedure (e.g., inserting a central
venous access device)
When moving from a contaminated body site to a clean body site during patient care
After contact with objects (including equipment) located in the patient's environment
Hand Hygiene WHO ✅Moment 1—Before touching a patient
Moment 2—Before a clean or aseptic procedure
Moment 3—After a body fluid exposure or risk of exposure
Moment 4—After touching a patient
Moment 5—After touching patient surroundings
, A nurse is changing a patient's bed linens after drainage from an infected abdominal
wound leaked. Which nursing action reflects proper use of medical asepsis?
A. Carrying soiled bed linens close to the body to prevent spreading microorganisms
into the air
B. Placing soiled bed linens and hospital gowns on the floor when making the bed
C. Moving the patient table away from the body when wiping it off
D. Cleaning the most soiled items at the bedside first, followed by cleaner items ✅C
An outbreak of measles has occurred at the local elementary school. The parents of a
child in the prodromal phase of the illness are told the child should stay home until well.
What is important for the nurse to teach the parents about the prodromal phase?
A. The organisms enter the body and multiply while the patient is asymptomatic.
B. A person typically has vague, nonspecific symptoms and is highly contagious.
C. The presence of infection-specific signs and symptoms develop, manifesting as local
or systemic responses.
D. The signs and symptoms of the illness disappear, and the person returns to their
preillness state. ✅B
A nursing unit has multiple patients with MRSA infections requiring contact isolation. In
which situations is it appropriate for the nurses to use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer
to decontaminate their hands? Select all that apply.
A. Before providing a bed bathhaving visibly soiled hands after patient contact
B. Removing gloves after patient careinserting a urinary catheter
C. Assisting with a surgical placement of a cardiac stent
D. Removing old magazines from a patient's table ✅a, c, d, f
A nursing student is performing hand hygiene after providing care to a patient who is in
isolation for C. Diff related to antibiotic therapy. Which actions by the nursing student
will the primary nurse need to correct? Select all that apply.
A. Removing all jewelry including a platinum wedding band
B. Decontaminating the hands with an alcohol-based hand sanitizer
C. Using approximately 1 teaspoon of liquid soap
D. Keeping hands higher than elbows when placing under the faucet
E. Using friction motion when washing for at least 20 seconds
F. Rinsing thoroughly with water flowing toward the fingertips ✅b, d
When performing a dressing change requiring surgical asepsis, a nurse opens sterile
supplies and dons sterile gloves. What additional action by the nurse is appropriate?
A. Avoiding splashing while pouring irrigant onto the sterile field
B. Covering the nose and mouth with gloved hands if a sneeze is imminent
C. Using forceps soaked in a disinfectant to place dressings on the sterile field
D. Considering the outer 1 inch of the sterile field sterile ✅d
The nurse on a medical-surgical unit is admitting a patient with a diagnosis of active
tuberculosis. Which infection control precautions will the nurse put in place?
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