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Summary A Level AQA Physics Gravitational Fields Revision Notes
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In depth notes on gravitational fields including photos and examples
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Newton's Law of GravitationGravitational Potential Energy (Joules) : Orbits & Kepler's Law CENTRIPETAL FORCE -caused
D
:
: I
see of an
object of mass (m) at a
height (h) To
stay
obbit needs 2 things by the
gravitational force acting
·
Gravity is an attractive force that acts GPE mgh
=
-> apt in a radial field at between the object orbiting &
between all masses
. height
GRE mgh the object being orbited
↳ masses cause force to exist
= =
mar man =
↳② at a
Y is dropped because
To be
moving sufficiently
·
The force that acts between 2 masses M, and Me negative sign energy is
high speed
-
as
whose centres are separated by a
distance of cla quantity
F- Dom 6 67 x 10
:
"Nm2 kg
area under a force x distance graph when E-ma
m 22
9
F
.
r moving an object through a field
force is attractive ↳
gives work done= GPC
↳
Ma
S
means
M
by consider
: time of orbit for radius
negative= attractive Gravitational Potential M M a
given
·&
N e
positive repulsive
=
Th
r
gravitational potential (v)
:
every particle attracts every other particle The at a
points
in the universe with force directly
proportional to the product of the masses from a mass (e g planet)
. .
is the work
and inversely proportional to the square
of the distance between them. >
done
per unit mass
against the
field to &
more a
point mass from infinityfo r. ↳ ratio T
Gravitational Fields:
field is attractive so wor is ⑮
If : of - gravitationalthe mas to
region space where a mass
done by on more it away from orbiting the
experiences a force due to the
gravitational Ts the centre
of the field
.
attraction of another mass. JKg [Graph of
To
Field is modeled
Arrows show direction of field
Using
field lines
Gravitational Fields ↳ Gradien
Relative density of lines show relative Escape Veloc
Strength of the field
. work done-stored as GPF -V =
J& For object to
RADIAL FIELDS
! of a
planet&
(to infinity)
:
W GPE Mav because
negative
= = -
Field lines end at the CENTRE OF MASS potential at must be
- - infinity cou
and
failing back to
infinity is zero a as we more to take from s
↳ further from the mass-lines are
Equipotential lines show surfaces to the mass we losse
have the same KE NG
which
potential
. potential
=
or
energy
MORE Spread out No work is done
against Ve
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