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BIO 669 Innate Immunity Questions & Answers(RATED A+)
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______/_______/_________ immunity: physical, mechanical, biochemical barriers. This is the _______ line of defense Prevent __________ from bacteria Includes ________, chemicals like _______, defensins, _________ - ANSWERInnate/Natural/Native first penetration skin, sweat, lysozyme ________...

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  • August 27, 2024
  • 27
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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BIO 669 Innate Immunity
Questions & Answers(RATED
A+)
______/_______/_________ immunity: physical, mechanical, biochemical barriers. This is the
_______ line of defense

Prevent __________ from bacteria

Includes ________, chemicals like _______, defensins, _________ - ANSWERInnate/Natural/Native

first

penetration

skin, sweat, lysozyme



___________ is the second line of defense - ANSWERinflammation



______________/_____________/_____________ is the third line of defense -
ANSWERAdaptive/acquired/specific



Physical barriers in the first line of defense:

________-

___________ of the GI/GU/respiratory tracts

____________ of cells, the pathogen is sloughed off with dead skin cells

___________ &_________ eliminates irritants

____________-urine

____________-clear out potential problems from GI tract

__________& ___________- used in airway to trap particles and cilia can help move mucous up to
esophagus, put in GI tract and broken down through the action of digestion - ANSWERskin

linings

sloughing

,sneezing and coughing

flushing

vomiting

cilia and mucous



1st line of defense includes the ________ cell (same as below)

Saliva, earwax, tears, sweat and mucous are all secreted by the _____________ cell. Antimicrobial
peptides: cathelicidins, definsins, collectins, mannose-binding lectin - ANSWERepithelial



The 1st line of defense also includes: A normal ___________ includes each surface being colonized
by bacteria and fungi that is unique to the particular location and individual. - ANSWERmicrobiome



The 2nd line of defense: ___________ response. It is the _______ immune response to an injury.

It is specific/nonspecific, caused by a variety of materials:

____________, tissue necrosis, trauma, injury, foreign bodies, immune reaction, ischemia, etc.

Local S&S:

redness-___________, heat-____________, swelling-___________-, pain, loss of function -
ANSWERinflammatory response

first

infection

rubor-redness, callor-heat, swelling-tumor



2nd line of defense: The inflammatory response includes

1. Blood vessel ___________-

2. Increased/Decreased vascular ___________ & ____________-

3. WBC __________ to the inner walls of the vessels and __________ through the vessels -
ANSWERdilation

Increased vascular permeability & leakage

adhere, migrate



The vascular response of blood vessel dilation is brought on by ______________, serotonin, and
__________ that all increase vascular ____________-, decrease linkage between cells, allow for
pericellular movement, allow for leakage of fluid and proteins into the __________ from the

, ___________, increasing fluid movement into the __________, bringing _____ & _________, inc bf,
inc redness to area which serves the purpose of improving temperature for enzyme function, for
healing, fighting pathogens, diluting toxins, increasing ___________ to the area, increasing
____________ __________ to allow for potential id of these pathogens. - ANSWERhistamines,
bradykinin, permeability

tissues

vasculature

tissues

heat

swelling

oxygen

lymphatic drainage



goals of inflammation (2nd immune response)

-Prevent & limit further damage

-Initiate the _________ immune response: produce more _______, draw WBCs to area, increase cell
__________ molecules that bring WBCs in

-Initiate healing by bringing in _____________ that engulf damaged tissue and allow for initiation of
new blood vessels to try and bring in __________ for the healing process

- Limit and control the inflammatory process

The ___________ immune response can release mediators to help turn down immune response

Inflammation causes _____________- small vessels will clot off to wall of the damaged area and
prevent it from growing if possible. - ANSWERadaptive, WBC

adhesion

macrophages

oxygen

adaptive

hypercoagulability



plasma protein systems - ANSWERComplement system

Clotting system

Kinin system

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