Exam (elaborations)
CAPA/CPAN Questions and Answers with Solutions 2024/2025
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CAPA/CPAN Questions and Answers with Solutions 2024/2025
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CAPA/CPANGeneral anesthesia- - ANSstates of reversible unconsciousness wherein defensive reflexes are
particle or absolutely misplaced, muscle rest, sedation, and amnesia received
Moderate sedation anesthesia- - ANSrelaxed, non paralyzed state of analgesia
Regional anesthesia- - ANSloss of frame sensation to vicinity
Factor in anesthesia selection- - ANSage, bodily repute, kind of surgical treatment, patient
needs, website of surgical procedure/body role
ASA physical reputation category- - ANSthe precise hazard the patient has to developing a
difficulty after to the system.
ASA 1- - ANSnormal healthful patient
ASA 2- - ANSpatient with slight, systemic ailment...
Smoker, pregnancy, obesity, mild drinker
ASA 3- - ANSsevere systemic sickness...Poorly controlled DM, HTN, COPD, weight problems,
records MI, stents
-a few confrontation among anesthesia vendors
ASA four- - ANSpatient with incapacitating systemic disease. ESRD, extreme cardiac valve
disorder, stents, sepsis
ASA five- - ANSnot predicted stop continue to exist with out the operation
ASA 6- - ANSorgan donor, patient surpassed as mind dead
"E" ASA status- - ANSemergency affected person with unknown history.
This could be brought to any of the statuses
Stage 1 of anesthesia- - ANS-analgesia degree-
conscious and rational, follows simple commands, notion of ache is faded but reflexes are intact
Stage 2 of anesthesia- - ANS-delirium- subconscious, frame responds reflexively, scholars
dilated, breath retaining, respirations irregular, muscle tone intact.
, Most at chance for laryngospasm and aspiration. Also MI
Stage three of anesthesia- - ANS-surgical anesthesia-
increasing ranges of muscular rest, not able to protect airway
Stage 4 of anesthesia- - ANS-medullary despair-
depression of cardiovascular and breathing facilities
taken into consideration overdose
Recovery and Emergence of anesthesia- - ANSoccurs in opposite order of induction...Surgical,
delirium, analgesia.
Hypnotic anesthesia or otherwise known as? - ANSbarbiturates
Methohexital (brevital)- - ANSbarbiturates
used for induction, sedation, and MAC...No antagonists
SE: hiccups, and coughing
Etomidate (amidate)- - ANSan induction agent that may be a non-barbiturate.
Emergency kind scenario due to the fact very short appearing hypnotic, no analgesia.
Decreases cerebral blood float and cerebral oxygen intake with out decreasing BP aka
appropriate for neuro sufferers..
SE: can suppress adrenal feature for 5-eight hours
Propofol (deprivan)- - ANSnon-barbiturate
fast onset and emergency, quick performing, no analgesia effect.
HYPOTENSION on induction
not reversible
Ketamine- - ANSproduces profound country of analgesia and unconsciousness.
-will increase HR and Co
-spontaneous air flow maintained
-seem awake but unaware
-able to use decrease opioid dose
emergency delirium
Benzodiazepines-
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