ASCP Molecular Biology Exam Prep Questions with Correct Verified Answers
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Course
ASCP
Institution
ASCP
What are the steps in DNA replication? - ANSWER 1. Initiate
2. Elongate
3. Terminate
Telomers - ANSWER cap ends of chromosome during replication to preserve DNA
-10 box - ANSWER TATA box (TATAAT)
located 10 bases away from transcription start site
promoter
ASCP Molecular Biology Exam Prep
Questions with Correct Verified Answers
What are the steps in DNA replication? - ANSWER 1. Initiate
2. Elongate
3. Terminate
Telomers - ANSWER cap ends of chromosome during replication to preserve DNA
-10 box - ANSWER TATA box (TATAAT)
located 10 bases away from transcription start site
promoter
RNA pol binding site
-35 box - ANSWER TTGACA
located 35 bases away from transcription start site
promoter
,RNA Polymerase - ANSWER opens double helix
reads one strand to make RNA, 3' --> 5' (antiparallel)
DNA-dependant
catalyzes formation of covalent bonds b/w nucleotide and growing chain
splicesomes - ANSWER made up of snRPs
remove ntrons during transcription
cut out intron and reform bonds b/w exons
enhancers - ANSWER far from promoter
maintain a tissue-specific or cell-specific level of gene expression
Poly-A tail - ANSWER keeps mRNA from being destroyed in cytoplasm
at 3' end
piece of 100-250 A's
5' cap - ANSWER added to 5' end of finished mRNA
let's cell know it's ready for translation ribosomal
binding site
aminoacyl tRNA - ANSWER tRNAs that carry amino acids
Ribosomes - ANSWER where mRNAs and tRNAs
meet Large and small form packets (A, P and E)
catalyzes peptide bond formation b/w amino acids by rRNA
What is the path of a tRNA in a ribosome? - ANSWER A ---> P ------> E
, How is translation initiated? - ANSWER small subunit binds to ribosomal binding site
MET anticodon binds to start codon
large subunit binds to small subunit
How is translation terminated? - ANSWER stop codon is carried into small subunit by tRNA
recognized by release factor, breaks bond b/w chain and tRNA released from ribosome
and out into cell
reverse transcriptase - ANSWER enzyme that allows RNA to go to DNA
mRNA --> ssDNA --> cDNA --> dsDNA
Pleiotrophy - ANSWER a single gene controls the expression of many phenotypic traits
ie Sickle Cell Anemia
cDNA - ANSWER intron free complementary DNA (mRNA already spliced it)
can be inserted into a plamid
Vector - ANSWER helps carry DNA into cell
ie plasmids, virus
Exons - ANSWER protein info
this is what is translated
separated by introns
Open Reading Frame - ANSWER sections of DNA that begin with start codons and end with
stop codons
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