AACN practice questions and answers
hyperresonace and dullness over lung indicates... - Answer hyperresonance= air
dullness= fluid
decreasing the TV on ventilator will do what to co2? - Answer increase co2
The major effect of ARDS on lung tissue is - Answer Decreased compliance
Decreased compliance is related to alteration of lung endothelium and vascular tissue.
Pathophysiologic changes in lung vascular tissue and increased lung edema contribute
to the decrease in compliance. The end result is stiffness of the fluid-filled non-aerated
airways. There is an increase in capillary permeability due to the release of cytokines
and a decrease in functional residual capacity due to pathophysiologic changes in the
lung. The inflammatory process of ARDS causes inactivation, destruction and
decreased production of surfactant. This leads to increased surface tension at the
alveolar air-fluid interface, which causes microatelectasis.
Decreased surfactant
What is functional residual capacity? - Answer amount of air remaining in lungs after a
normal tidal expiration
Clinical symptoms of hypoxic respiratory failure - Answer Cyanosis' restlessness
delirium confusion hypertension tachycardia tachynpnea decreased UO
What to do before deflating cuff - Answer Suction orophayrnx
What is plateau pressure and what does it reflect - Answer Pressure applied to airways
and alveoli
Reflects airway resistance
Decrease would indicate an obstruction, bronchospasm, tube blockage, or biting
Loud s2, systolic murmur over left eternal border, jvd, LE edema and ascites -
symptoms of ? - Answer Pulmonary hypertension
Signs of chronic bronchitis - Answer Similar to r sided heart failure
Peripheral edema
Distended neck veins
Cyanosis
No signs of respiratory distress or dysnpea at rest
Tracheal deviation in hemothorax - Answer Toward unaffected side
Early stage of status asthmaticus abg - Answer Metabolic alkalosis
, Loud machinery like heart murmur indicates? - Answer Air embolism
What position would you put a patient with air embolism? - Answer Trendenlenberg with
left lateral decubitus tilt
Needle compression is for what?
Thoracenetisis is for what? - Answer Needle compression tension pneumo
Thoracentesis is to drain fluid from pleural space
Normal minute ventilation - Answer 5-8
What pa02/fi02 ratio is indicative of ARDS - Answer Less than 300
Criteria for passing spontaneous breathing trial - Answer -Rapid shallow breathing index
of less than105 (RR/VT)
-pao2/fio2 ration over 150
-VT more than 5ml/kg
If tidaling in cheat tube stops what should you check for - Answer Obstruction, clots,
kinks
Purpose of PEEP in ARDS - Answer Increase alveolar recruitment
Ventilator tx for ARDS - Answer Low tidal volumes
Thin, barrel-chested pt w/ pursed lip breathing think..... - Answer Emphysema
What are patients with emphysema at risk for? - Answer Risk of infection due to long
term corticosteroid use
How long is spontaneous breathing trial - Answer 30 minutes
ARDS is characterized by what? - Answer An antecedent event, refractory hypoexmia,
and tachypnea
ABG of acute respitartoeg failure - Answer Pao2 less than 60
Paco2 greater than 45
Emergency tx of status asthmatics - Answer Bronchodilators
Abg results for acute respiratory failure - Answer Po2 less than 60
Pco2 greater than 45
Formula for RSBI - Answer RR / TV
hyperresonace and dullness over lung indicates... - Answer hyperresonance= air
dullness= fluid
decreasing the TV on ventilator will do what to co2? - Answer increase co2
The major effect of ARDS on lung tissue is - Answer Decreased compliance
Decreased compliance is related to alteration of lung endothelium and vascular tissue.
Pathophysiologic changes in lung vascular tissue and increased lung edema contribute
to the decrease in compliance. The end result is stiffness of the fluid-filled non-aerated
airways. There is an increase in capillary permeability due to the release of cytokines
and a decrease in functional residual capacity due to pathophysiologic changes in the
lung. The inflammatory process of ARDS causes inactivation, destruction and
decreased production of surfactant. This leads to increased surface tension at the
alveolar air-fluid interface, which causes microatelectasis.
Decreased surfactant
What is functional residual capacity? - Answer amount of air remaining in lungs after a
normal tidal expiration
Clinical symptoms of hypoxic respiratory failure - Answer Cyanosis' restlessness
delirium confusion hypertension tachycardia tachynpnea decreased UO
What to do before deflating cuff - Answer Suction orophayrnx
What is plateau pressure and what does it reflect - Answer Pressure applied to airways
and alveoli
Reflects airway resistance
Decrease would indicate an obstruction, bronchospasm, tube blockage, or biting
Loud s2, systolic murmur over left eternal border, jvd, LE edema and ascites -
symptoms of ? - Answer Pulmonary hypertension
Signs of chronic bronchitis - Answer Similar to r sided heart failure
Peripheral edema
Distended neck veins
Cyanosis
No signs of respiratory distress or dysnpea at rest
Tracheal deviation in hemothorax - Answer Toward unaffected side
Early stage of status asthmaticus abg - Answer Metabolic alkalosis
, Loud machinery like heart murmur indicates? - Answer Air embolism
What position would you put a patient with air embolism? - Answer Trendenlenberg with
left lateral decubitus tilt
Needle compression is for what?
Thoracenetisis is for what? - Answer Needle compression tension pneumo
Thoracentesis is to drain fluid from pleural space
Normal minute ventilation - Answer 5-8
What pa02/fi02 ratio is indicative of ARDS - Answer Less than 300
Criteria for passing spontaneous breathing trial - Answer -Rapid shallow breathing index
of less than105 (RR/VT)
-pao2/fio2 ration over 150
-VT more than 5ml/kg
If tidaling in cheat tube stops what should you check for - Answer Obstruction, clots,
kinks
Purpose of PEEP in ARDS - Answer Increase alveolar recruitment
Ventilator tx for ARDS - Answer Low tidal volumes
Thin, barrel-chested pt w/ pursed lip breathing think..... - Answer Emphysema
What are patients with emphysema at risk for? - Answer Risk of infection due to long
term corticosteroid use
How long is spontaneous breathing trial - Answer 30 minutes
ARDS is characterized by what? - Answer An antecedent event, refractory hypoexmia,
and tachypnea
ABG of acute respitartoeg failure - Answer Pao2 less than 60
Paco2 greater than 45
Emergency tx of status asthmatics - Answer Bronchodilators
Abg results for acute respiratory failure - Answer Po2 less than 60
Pco2 greater than 45
Formula for RSBI - Answer RR / TV
