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COSC 475 FINAL EXAM GRADED A+
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COSC 475 FINAL EXAM GRADED A+
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COSC 475 FINAL EXAM GRADED A+Activity - ANSWER-A task or process to be accomplished in a set period of time as part
of working toward a larger project goal. An **** can be assigned to a resource(s) and
have an associated cost. **** are ordered with logic links.
Activity Relationship - ANSWER-An ordered link between activities representing the
order of execution. The **** types are:
FS - Finish to Start
SS - Start to Start
FF - Finish to Finish
SF - Start to Finish
Actual Cost - ANSWER-The real amount paid of incurred for labor or materials.
Approved Change Requests - ANSWER-Documents of approved changes made to the
project contract as a whole (cost, schedule, plan). These are first reviewed by all
stakeholders before being approved.
Arrow Diagramming Method (ADM) - ANSWER-A network diagramming technique used
in Project Management in which activities are represented by arrows. **** is also known
as the activity-on-arrow (AOA) method.
Backward Pass (Backward Plan) - ANSWER-Critical path calculation process which
having calculated earliest date for activities on the network. Works **** to find activities
latest start and finish dates/float.
Bar Chart - ANSWER-A chart on which activities are represented by Bars. The Bars
length is represented by the activity Duration, and is lined-up on a X-axis time scale.
Base Line - ANSWER-A set of dates and costs frozen at the start of the project and
used as a basis for performance evaluation as the project progresses.
Budgeted Cost - ANSWER-The amount planned ahead and placed aside to execute an
activity or an entire project from start to finish.
Change Estimate - ANSWER-An Estimate evaluating a potential change to a project.
Often the estimate focuses on Cost, Schedule and Resource changes.
Change Impact - ANSWER-The effect of a project change on project cost, schedule,
and resourcing.
Committed Cost - ANSWER-A cost which has not yet been paid, but an agreement,
such as a purchase order or contract, has been made such that the cost is no longer
recoverable.
, Cost Breakdown Structure (CBS) - ANSWER-A breakdown of the project into cost
elements for cost control planning. A **** will deconstruct a project into various cost
elements or types such as area, phase, discipline, or materials.
Critical Activity - ANSWER-An activity that is on the project's critical path.
Critical Path - ANSWER-The sequence of network activities which add up to the longest
overall duration. This determines the shortest time possible to complete the project.
Critical path analysis - ANSWER-Analysis that aims to understand whether the project
can be completed on time and what key activities or milestones are a risk to the
project's timely completion. An advanced analysis may consider near-critical paths or
other risk paths of the project.
Critical Path Method (CPM) Scheduling - ANSWER-A project modeling technique and
algorithm for scheduling a set of
project activities. Developed in the late 1950s, CPM scheduling aims to
build a model of a project that contains:
1. A list of all activities required to complete the project (typically
categorized within a work breakdown structure),
2. The time (duration) that each activity will take to complete,
3. The dependencies between the activities and,
4. Logical end points such as milestones or deliverable items.
Date Constraint - ANSWER-A date restriction imposed on an activity's start or finish
date in scheduling software. Applying a **** will swap the computed date to a date
imposed by the user. Often used to impose deadlines or to delay activities in a schedule
Direct Labor - ANSWER-(1) Labor which can be directly related/allocated to the output
of a productive account or cost center, compared with indirect labor which is not directly
related to output. (2) Labor employed directly by owner or main contractor, as opposed
to sub-contract labor
Doubled resource estimated duration (DRED) - ANSWER-Measures the length of an
activity duration if the assigned level of resources have doubled.
Duration - ANSWER-The number of calendar periods it takes (or is estimated to take)
from the time the execution of an element starts to the moment it is completed.
Early Finish - ANSWER-The earliest time an activity can finish within the logic and
imposed targets in the network.
Early Start - ANSWER-The earliest time an activity can start within the logic and
imposed targets in the network
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