INTRODUCTION TO MATERNITY AND
PEDIATRIC NURSING L STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2024
Erythema - ANSWER Diffused reddened are on the skin
Macule - ANSWER Circular reddened area on the skin
Papule - ANSWER Circular reddened area on the skin that is elevated
Vesicle - ANSWER Circular reddened area on the skin that elevated and contains fluid
Pustule - ANSWER Circular reddened area on the skin that elevated and contains pus
Scab - ANSWER Dried pustule that is covered with a crust.
incubation period - ANSWER Is the time between the invasion by the pathogen and the onset of clinical
symptoms.
Prodromal period - ANSWER Refers to the initial stage of the disease: the interval between the earliest
symptoms and the appearance of typical rash o
Epidemic - ANSWER is a sudden increase of communicable disease in a localized area.
Endemic - ANSWER refers to a continuous incidence of a communicable disease expected in a localized
area.
Acquired immunity - ANSWER is not the same as inherited factors but is gained as a result of having the
disease or is artificially acquired by receiving vaccines or immune serums.
, Passive immunity: - ANSWER acts immediately but not does not last as long as immunity actively
produced by the body. Passive immunity provides the antibody. It does not stimulate the system to
produce its own antibodies.
Airborne infection isolation precaution - ANSWER are used for patients with conditions such as
tuberculosis, varicella (chickenpox), and rubeola (measles). Small airborne particles floating in the air can
be inhaled any place in the room. **The use of negative-pressure rooms and respirator masks (N95
particulate masks) are required when entering the room.
Contact precautions - ANSWER are used when the condition causes organisms to be transmitted via skin-
to-skin contact or through indirect touch of a contaminated fomite (inanimate object such as a door
knob) Gloves and a cover gown are worn for close contact with patients with RSV, patients with hepatitis
A who are incontinent, patients with contagious skin diseases such as impetigo, and patients with wound
infections.
***These have more than one mode of spread and therefore require more than one precaution.
Explain the benefit of worldwide immunizations and give an example of a diseases eliminated as a threat
- ANSWER 1.Has resulted in dramatic declines in vaccine-preventable illnesses worldwide, especially in
developing countries.
2.Worldwide immunization practices have eliminated smallpox as a threat.
Describe the proper storage of vaccines - ANSWER 1. Vaccines must be placed in the centers of shelves
to allow the free flow of air around the vaccines.
**Do not store in the doors of refrigerators, freezers, or near the cold air vents.
2. Most vaccines are stored at 1.6- 7.7 C (35-46 F)
3. Varicella vaccine (varivax) and live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) are very fragile.
4.Must be stored at -15 C (5 F) or lower and used within 30 minutes of reconstitution. *They cannot be
refrozen after they have been thawed.
5. Inactivated vaccines may be harmed if frozen
6. Live vaccines are harmed by heat and light.
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