Exam (elaborations)
AP CSP questions and answers graded A+ 2024/2025
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AP CSP questions and answers graded A+ 2024/2025
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AP CSPAlgorithm - ANSA unique sequence of instructions for approaches that may be carried out in a
programming language and done by way of a computer.
Control Structure - ANSone or more programming language statements that manipulate the waft
of a laptop software. Examples: If/Else structure or a loop shape.
Computer - ANSa system that tactics statistics under the manipulate of a program.
Program - ANSsequence of instructions that control the laptop. To run, it should be loaded into
the computer's memory where the CPU executes it one education at a time.
Hardware - ANSthe laptop's digital and mechanical components.
Software - ANSthe packages that manipulate computer systems
General motive pc - ANSa pc that may run many one of a kind applications (e.G. A phone).
Special cause computer - ANSa laptop that has a hard and fast program ( e.G. A calculator, an
eye fixed, a car's brakes)
Memory - ANSphysical device used to shop information to be used in a computer or other virtual
digital tool( e.G. Disk pressure, flash drive)
RAM - ANSRandom Access Memory- also known as foremost memory stores the pc's
applications and data temporarily at the same time as strength is on.
CPU - ANSCentral Processing Unit is the hardware that incorporates out the commands of a
laptop application. It is made from three essential elements: the manage unit (CU), the
mathematics and sign in. The CU approaches this system's commands, the ALU (mathematics
logic unit) plays the arithmetic and good judgment operations and the sign up shops
intermediate information at some stage in application execution.
Input gadgets - ANSbring records and applications into the laptop (e.G. Mouse, keyboard)
Output gadgets - ANStransmit information to different computer systems to users (e.G. Printer,
reveal, speaker)
Motherboard - ANShouses the pc's predominant electronic additives
, Chips - ANSthe computer's electric components are composed of these very tiny included
circuits.
Integrated circuit - ANSpacked with thousands and thousands of digital components
Bit - ANSa binary digit, the smallest unit of facts, a 1 or a zero.
Byte - ANSis identical to 8 bits.
High-level language - ANSa programming language that is human readable (app inventor) and
gives the programmer with smooth to apprehend abstractions.
Machine language (or low-level language) - ANSa programming language this is system
readable (binary code), toward the device hardware and affords abstractions which are hard for
the programmer to understand.
Compiler - ANSa software program that translates supply code (human readable) into binary
code.
Applications - ANSprogram or organization of packages designed for end users together with
Firefox, Excel, Word, and so on.
Operating System - ANSis a group of pc software that manages hardware sources and presents
not unusual services for pc packages. MacOS, Windows, Android, Linux, iOS are examples.
Abstraction - ANSa trendy representation that stands for a few series of person instances.
Constant - ANSan abstraction that represents a unmarried thing, e.G., the price five - something
that does not exchange.
Variable - ANSA image that may be used to symbolize any quantity and is therefore more
preferred and extra abstract than a constant.
Data Abstraction - ANSthe practice of organizing and encapsulating positive data into a more
standard illustration. An example would be storing the textual content 'good day' in a single
variable in place of having numerous occurrences of 'whats up' in a application.
Procedural Abstraction - ANSthe exercise of organizing and encapsulating algorithms in named
tactics that can then be invoked by using name. An example would be the 'sqrt(x)', rectangular
root of x, which encapsulates the algorithm for calculating the square root of x.
Iteration/Repetition - ANSA repetition shape, new release or loop, is used while a program
desires to time and again technique one or greater instructions till a few condition is met, at
which period the loop ends.
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