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MATERNAL CHILD CH. 42 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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MATERNAL CHILD CH. 42 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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MATERNAL CHILD CH. 42 QUESTIONSAND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
The nurse is assessing a child postcardiac catheterization. Which complication might the nurse
anticipate?
a. Cardiac arrhythmia c. Congestive heart failure
b. Hypostatic pneumonia d. Rapidly increasing blood pressure - ANSWER ANS: A
Because a catheter is introduced into the heart, a risk exists of catheter-induced arrhythmias occurring
during
the procedure. These are usually transient. Hypostatic pneumonia, congestive heart failure, and rapidly
increasing blood pressure are not risks usually associated with cardiac catheterization.
Jos is a 4-year-old child scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. Preoperative teaching should be:
a. Directed at his parents because he is too young to understand.
b. Detailed in regard to the actual procedures so he will know what to expect.
c. Done several days before the procedure so that he will be prepared.
d. Adapted to his level of development so that he can understand. - ANSWER ANS: D
Preoperative teaching should always be directed at the childs stage of development. The caregivers also
benefit
from the same explanations. The parents may ask additional questions, which should be answered, but
the child
needs to receive the information based on developmental level. This age group does not understand in-
depth
descriptions. Preschoolers should be prepared close to the time of the cardiac catheterization.
The nurse is caring for a school-age girl who has had a cardiac catheterization. The child tells the nurse
that
her bandage is too wet. The nurse finds the bandage and bed soaked with blood. The most appropriate
initial
nursing action is to:
a. Notify the physician.
b. Apply a new bandage with more pressure.
,c. Place the child in the Trendelenburg position.
Test Bank - Maternal Child Nursing Care by Perry (6th Edition, 2017) 688
d. Apply direct pressure above the catheterization site. - ANSWER ANS: D
If bleeding occurs, direct continuous pressure is applied 2.5 cm (1 inch) above the percutaneous skin site
to
localize pressure over the vessel puncture. Notifying the physician and applying a new bandage with
more
pressure can be done after pressure is applied. The nurse can have someone else notify the physician
while the
pressure is being maintained. The Trendelenburg position would not be helpful; it would increase the
drainage
from the lower extremities.
Which defect results in increased pulmonary blood flow?
a. Pulmonic stenosis c. Atrial septal defect
b. Tricuspid atresia d. Transposition of the great arteries - ANSWER ANS: C
Atrial septal defect results in increased pulmonary blood flow. Blood flows from the left atrium (higher
pressure) into the right atrium (lower pressure) and then to the lungs via the pulmonary artery. Pulmonic
stenosis is an obstruction to blood flowing from the ventricles. Tricuspid atresia results in decreased
pulmonary
blood flow. Transposition of the great arteries results in mixed blood flow
Which structural defects constitute tetralogy of Fallot?
a. Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy
b. Aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy
c. Aortic stenosis, atrial septal defect, overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy
d. Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic hypertrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy - ANSWER
ANS: A
Tetralogy of Fallot has these four characteristics: pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect,
overriding
aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy. There is pulmonic stenosis but not aortic stenosis in tetralogy of
, Fallot. Right ventricular hypertrophy, not left ventricular hypertrophy, is present in tetralogy of Fallot.
There is
a ventricular septal defect, not an atrial septal defect, and overriding aorta, not aortic hypertrophy, is
present
What is best described as the inability of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the
systemic
Test Bank - Maternal Child Nursing Care by Perry (6th Edition, 2017) 689
circulation at normal filling pressures?
a. Pulmonary congestion c. Congestive heart failure
b. Congenital heart defect d. Systemic venous congestion - ANSWER ANS: C
The definition of congestive heart failure is the inability of the heart to pump an adequate amount of
blood to
the systemic circulation at normal filling pressures to meet the metabolic demands of the body.
Pulmonary
congestion is an excessive accumulation of fluid in the lungs. Congenital heart defect is a malformation
of the
heart present at birth. Systemic venous congestion is an excessive accumulation of fluid in the systemic
vasculature
A clinical manifestation of the systemic venous congestion that can occur with congestive heart failure is:
a. Tachypnea. c. Peripheral edema.
b. Tachycardia. d. Pale, cool extremities - ANSWER ANS: C
Peripheral edema, especially periorbital edema, is a clinical manifestation of systemic venous congestion.
Tachypnea is a manifestation of pulmonary congestion. Tachycardia and pale, cool extremities are clinical
manifestations of impaired myocardial function.
A beneficial effect of administering digoxin (Lanoxin) is that it:
a. Decreases edema. c. Increases heart size.
b. Decreases cardiac output. d. Increases venous pressure. - ANSWER ANS: A
Digoxin has a rapid onset and is useful in increasing cardiac output, decreasing venous pressure, and as a
result
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