Astronomy 121|87 Test 3 Final Review Questions Perfectly Answered|2024
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Course
Astronomy 121|
Institution
Astronomy 121|
True or false, asteroids never have moons - ️️False
Most meteors are stopped by the atmosphere at heights of - ️️10 to 100 km
What are Kirkwood gaps caused by? - ️️The gravity of Jupiter
What causes Oort cloud comets to enter the inner solar system? - ️️Their orbits are altered b...
Astronomy 121|87 Test 3 Final Review
Questions Perfectly Answered
True or false, asteroids never have moons - ✔ ✔ False
Most meteors are stopped by the atmosphere at heights of - ✔ ✔ 10 to 100 km
What are Kirkwood gaps caused by? - ✔ ✔ The gravity of Jupiter
What causes Oort cloud comets to enter the inner solar system? - ✔ ✔ Their orbits are altered by
the gravity of passing star
Why does the plasma tail of a comet point away from the Sun? - ✔ ✔ The solar wind pushes the
ionized gas
Most asteroids are located in the asteroid belt that lies between 2.1 and 3.3 AU from the Sun. What
orbital periods correspond to the inside and outside of the asteroid belt? - ✔ ✔ 3 and 6 years
What evidence is there that the Sun is surrounded by a vast cloud of comets known as the Oort cloud? -
✔ ✔ New comets have aphelia between 10,000 and 100,000 AU
Ceres, the first asteroid to be discovered, lies between Mars and Jupiter. Why was Ceres unknown to
ancient astronomers? - ✔ ✔ It is too faint to be seen with the unaided eye
Why are carbonaceous chondrites especially important for the study of the early solar system? - ✔ ✔
They appear to be unaltered samples of material from the early solar system
What is a meteoroid? - ✔ ✔ A small body in interplanetary space
Would Rhea float in water? - ✔ ✔ No
Why does have a high mass? - ✔ ✔ Because of the colder temperatures allowed the accretion of
more icy materials
Suppose there were a narrow belt near Jupiter\'s equator that had a rotation period of 9h 42m. In which
direction would the zonal winds blow in that belt relative to the rest of the equatorial region (which
rotates at 9h 48m)? - ✔ ✔ Westward
Why are oxygen compounds, such as carbon dioxide, extremely low in abundance in the atmospheres of
Jupiter? - ✔ ✔ The great abundance of hydrogen means that hydrogen compounds rather than
oxygen compounds dominate
, Jupiter is too warm based on the amount of solar energy it absorbs by about how much? - ✔ ✔ 20
degrees
What causes Synchrotron radiation? - ✔ ✔ Strong magnetic fields
What is the relationship among color, temperature, and height for the atmospheric features of Jupiter? -
✔ ✔ Dark features are lower and hotter than light features
What form does hydrogen take in Jupiter at the center of the planet? - ✔ ✔ Metallic
Why is the region around Jupiter radioactive? - ✔ ✔ Because of its strong magnetic field
Voyager was powered by what? - ✔ ✔ Thermal nuclear source
What did Voyager tell us about Saturn's rings that wasn't already known from telescopic observations
from the Earth? - ✔ ✔ Their ringlet structure
What percentage of all planetary material in the solar system is contained in Jupiter and Saturn
together? (you can calculate this by adding up all the masses of the planets) - ✔ ✔ 90%
What is the ratio of Saturns volume to the Earth's? - ✔ ✔ 850
What evidence do we have that Saturn's rings aren't solid disks? - ✔ ✔ The inner parts of the rings
rotate faster than the outer parts
What happens to an asteroid that passes within the Roche distance of a planet? - ✔ ✔ It would be
torn to pieces by tidal forces
Saturn's excess heat is due to what? - ✔ ✔ Helium rain
Saturn is more oblate than Jupiter, which means what? - ✔ ✔ It has a larger mantle and smaller core
Shepherd moons do what? - ✔ ✔ Confine the ring particles
Spokes on Saturns rings are what? - ✔ ✔ Shadows of smaller particles
Why was it necessary for Herschel to observe Uranus on more than a single night for him to be
convinced that he had discovered a new object within our solar system? - ✔ ✔ He had to see
whether the new object moved with respect to the stars
Who are John Couch Adams and Urbain Leverrier? - ✔ ✔ They calculated that there was an unknown
planet near the position where other astronomers later found Neptune
Neptune is 50% farther from the Sun than Uranus is, yet their atmospheric temperatures are nearly the
same. Why? - ✔ ✔ The atmosphere of Uranus is warmed only by sunlight while that of Neptune is
also warmed by internal energy flowing outward through it.
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