WGU D027 Exam/Advanced Patho Pharmacology
Study Guide Exam Questions with Correct Answers/
Updated 2024- Rated A+.
What organ does cystic fibrosis affect? - ANSWER - Affects the pancreas causing secretions into the lungs
Which follow-up tissue test, the gold standard for this suspected diagnosis, should be ordered? -
ANSWER - Endoscopy with small intestine biopsy
A 56-year-old diabetic patient has not taken his insulin in 4 days due to him" feeling well without it". He
is admitted to the ED with an elevated blood sugar. What electrolyte should be assessed FIRST? -
ANSWER - Potassium
On ultrasound a patient had 4-chamber dilation with an ejection fraction of 15% and a pleural effusion
on chest x-ray. Elevated liver function tests, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesema are seen on lab results.
Blood pressure is 115/60 and heart rate is 110 bpm with regular rate and rhythm, respiratory rate 30
bpm and O2 saturation is 88% on room air. Initial therapy should include all of the following except:
Diuretic
ACE Inhibitor
Digoxin
Beta Blocker - ANSWER - Digoxin
Which patient would the healthcare professional assess for elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone
(ADH) secretion? - ANSWER - Being treated for small cell carcinoma of the stomach
A healthcare professional is assessing a patient who could have either pyelonephritis or cystitis. Which
differentiating sign would assist the professional in making this diagnosis? - ANSWER - Urinalysis
confirmation of white blood cell casts
pg. 1
,A patient with history of a hemithyroidectomy is attending her annual wellness exam. The healthcare
provider orders a serum TSH. The results are 4.6 microunits/mL, with a normal range of 0.3 - 6
microunits/mL. The healthcare provider can draw the following conclusion about this patient's thyroid
function? - ANSWER - TSH is normal indicating that the patient's thyroid hormone is normal.
The physiology differences which distinguishes a partial focus seizure from a generalized seizure is best
represented in which of the following statements? - ANSWER - A partial focus seizure only involves the
lower half of the body.
What causes Addison's disease? - ANSWER - Decreased glucocorticoid (due to autoimmune destruction
of adrenal cortex)
What causes Cushing's syndrome? - ANSWER - excess cortisol
What causes Grave's disease? - ANSWER - overproduction of thyroid hormone. HYPERthyroidism.
When should you instruct the patient to take their FIRST dose of antihypertensive? - ANSWER - At night
to avoid orthostatic hypotension. Educate slow position changes and lay down if needed.
What are side effects of ACE inhibitors? - ANSWER - dry cough
angioedema hyperkalemia
*Contraindicated in pregnancy
Which type of antihypertensive should NOT be given to patients with Asthma? - ANSWER - Nonselective
beta blocker (-lol) because both beta-2 receptors are effected
A 42-year-old asthmatic who has been using beta-adrenergic agonists for several years began to
experience premature atrial contractions (PACs). To treat the PACs, metoprolol (Toprol XL) therapy was
started.What is a likely consequence of this patient taking metoprolol (Toprol XL)? - ANSWER -
Metoprolol (Toprol XL) worsened asthma symptoms, but improved the PACs.
-- Beta blockers are widely used in the management of cardiac conditions and thyrotoxicosis, and to
reduce perioperative complications. Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have
been classic contraindications to the use of beta blockers because of their potential for causing
bronchospasm.
pg. 2
,Which inhaler prescription would support long-acting treatment for twice-daily use in controlled asthma
management? - ANSWER - Fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (Advair Diskus)
--Fluticasone and salmeterol is a combination of two medicines that are used to help control the
symptoms of asthma and improve breathing.
A 65-year-old male presents for a visit regarding his type 2 diabetes. He has been dealing with diabetes
for the last 15 years. He has a history of diabetic neuropathy in his feet. Six months ago his symptoms
were mild to almost nonexistent. He currently describes the neuropathy as painful, and it wakes him up
at night. Which medication would be the first line treatment for this patient? - ANSWER - Pregabalin
(Lyrica)
A 55-year-old male presents for a new diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease. He has experienced gait
disorders and a pill rolling tremor. The patient was a former boxer with a history of multiple concussions.
He was started on carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet), which has decreased his symptoms. How would an
antipsychotic medication such as haloperidol (Haldol) cause an interaction with this patient? - ANSWER -
By antagonizing dopamine
A 25-year-old female is 35 weeks pregnant and presents for lower back pain. She has a history of
moderate lower back pain that she normally controls with stretching, yoga, and ice. The patient reports
not being able to engage in stretching and yoga because of the state of her pregnancy. Ice use has been
ineffective. After a benign exam and a negative urinalysis, the provider is convinced that the pain is
musculoskeletal. The patient inquires if there are any medications she can take for the pain. Which
medication does the provider tell the patient she can safely take? - ANSWER - Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
A nurse is administering medication to a 67-year-old patient in liver failure, secondary to end-stage
cirrhosis. Liver dysfunction can influence drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Which
pharmacokinetic phase is affected in this patient? - ANSWER - Metabolism
A 17-year-old male patient presents to a clinic for a physical, and he has a diagnosis of moderate
glucose6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. During the exam, he states he is going to study
abroad in Egypt during his sophomore year, and he has concerns about his nutrition while being away
from home.
Which counseling about the patient's deficiency should the advanced professional nurse (APN) give to
this patient while he studies abroad? - ANSWER - Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is safe to consume.
pg. 3
, A patient presents with new onset of atrial fibrillation that has proved resistant to cardioversion and
ablation. The patient is prescribed Warfarin (Coumadin). Which strategy should be employed when
dosing the medication prescribed for this patient? - ANSWER - Titrate dosage to an INR of 2.1 seconds
Which medication would be contraindicated for a 46-year-old male patient diagnosed with beta
thalassemia? - ANSWER - Ferrous sulfate (Feosol)
--People with thalassaemia may be advised to avoid iron supplements because they are at risk of iron
overload.
An advanced professional nurse (APN) is administering medications on the pediatric floor and treating an
infant with thrush who is currently taking Nystatin oral suspension (Mycostatin). The APN knows the
infant is unable to follow the directions of swishing the medication and swallowing. How should the APN
administer this infant's suspension? - ANSWER - Swab the infected area
A two-week-old newborn presents to the pediatric clinic with her mother for a check-up. The nurse
discusses the recommended vaccination guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC), including the hepatitis B vaccine.What is the recommended schedule for this patient receiving the
hepatitis B vaccination? - ANSWER - Three immunizations with one injection now (if not given at birth),
one injection at two months, and one injection at six months
What is Florinef (corticosteroid) used for? - ANSWER - Used to treat postural hypotension and adrenal
insufficiency.
What are the side effects of Florinef? - ANSWER - Nausea, headache, sleep problems, and mood changes.
What is the off label use for prazosin/minipress (alpha- 1 blocker)? - ANSWER - Sleep aid for patients
diagnosed with PTSD
Which medications are used to treat myasthenia gravis? - ANSWER - Corticosteroids and cholinesterase
inhibitors.
pg. 4
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