ATI RN Pediatrics Nursing Online Practice Exam A &
B 2023 Updated 2024 with All Questions and Correct
Answers
Online Practice A
A nurse is teaching the parent of a preschooler about ways to prevent acute asthma attacks.
Which of the following statements by the parents indicates and understanding of the teaching?
a. "I will use a humidifier in my child's room at night"
b. "I will give my child a cough suppressant every 6 hours if he has a cough."
c. "I should avoid using a wet mop on my floors when I am cleaning."
d. "I should keep my child indoors when I mow the yard." ------------ Correct Answer ----------- d.
"I should keep my child indoors when I mow the yard."
The nurse should instruct the parent to keep the preschooler indoors during lawn maintenance or
when the pollen count is increased. Guarding against exposure to known allergens found
outdoors, such as grass, tree, and weed pollen, will decrease the frequency of the preschooler's
asthma attacks.
A nurse is assessing a 6-year-old child immediately following surgery for a perforated appendix.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
a. Purulent drainage from the NG tube
b. Hypoactive bowel sounds
c. Passage of dark-red stool with mucus
d. Urine output of 20 mL/hr ------------ Correct Answer ----------- b. Hypoactive bowel sounds
The nurse should expect hypoactive bowel sounds following appendiceal rupture or if the child
has developed peritonitis. Additionally, hypoactive bowel sounds are an expected finding
immediately following abdominal surgery, until full peristalsis resumes.
The nurse is assessing a school-age child who has an acute spinal cord injury following a sports
injury 1 week ago. Identify the area the nurse should tap to elicit the biceps reflex. ------------
Correct Answer ----------- A is correct. The nurse should identify that this is the location to tap to
elicit the biceps reflex.
B is incorrect. The nurse should tap this location to elicit the triceps reflex.
C is incorrect. The nurse should tap this location to elicit the brachioradialis reflex.
A nurse on a pediatric unit is caring for a toddler.
,Which of the following potential provider prescriptions should the nurse identify as anticipated
or contraindicated?
Potential Provider's Prescription: (Anticipated or Contraindicated)
1. Administer factor VIII
2. Apply ice packs to the infected joints
3. Administer morphine PRN pain
4. Perform passive range-of-motion (ROM) exercises during the first 12 hr following injury
5. Elevate the affected joints ------------ Correct Answer ----------- Administer factor VIII is
anticipated. The child is experiencing an acute episode of hemophilia due to a recent fall. During
this acute episode, there is potential for internal bleeding into the joint spaces. Therefore,
administering factor VIII is anticipated to control bleeding.
Apply ice packs to the affected joints is anticipated. The child is experiencing an acute episode
of hemarthrosis due to a recent fall, as evidenced by the bruising and swelling of the knee joint.
Therefore, applying ice packs to the affected joints is anticipated to manage discomfort and
decrease bleeding into the joint.
Administer morphine PRN pain is anticipated. The child is experiencing severe pain. Opioids
can be administered in the inpatient setting to relieve pain. Otherwise, acetaminophen can be
given at home for pain. Aspirin and NSAIDs should be avoided because they inhibit platelet
function and might increase bleeding.
Perform passive range-of-motion (ROM) exercises during the first 12 hr following injury is
contraindicated. The child is experiencing an acute episode of hemarthrosis. Passive ROM
exercises can increase bleeding into the joint for the first 48 hr following injury. The toddler
should be encouraged to exercise the joint as tolerated.
Elevate the affected joints is anticipated. The child is experiencing an acute episode of
hemarthrosis due to a recent fall, as evidenced by the bruising and swelling of the knee joint.
Elevation of the joint, along with the application of ice, is anticipated to help decrease bleeding
and swelling in the joint.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of an 18-month-old toddler who has
dehydration due to acute diarrhea. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
a. "I will offer my child small amounts of fruit juice frequently.."
b. "I will avoid giving my child solid foods until the diarrhea has stopped,"
c. "I will monitor my child's number of wet diapers."
d. "I will give my child polyethylene glycol daily for 7 days." ------------ Correct Answer ---------
-- c. "I will monitor my child's number of wet diapers."
The nurse should teach the parent to closely monitor the child's number of wet diapers.
Monitoring the number of wet diapers per day is an effective way for the parent to monitor
,adequate output and hydration status.
A nurse on a pediatric unit is caring for a school-age child.
After reviewing the information in the child's medical record, which of the following findings
should the nurse address first?
The nurse should address the child's (oxygen saturation/joint swelling/fever) followed by the
child's (pain/anemia/hydration). ------------ Correct Answer ----------- Dropdown 1:
Oxygen saturation is correct. The child's pulse oximeter reading is below the expected reference
range. The nurse should take action to maintain the child's oxygen saturation above 95%. When
using the urgent vs. non-urgent approach to client care, the nurse should identify that addressing
the child's hypoxia is the priority intervention.
Joint swelling and fever are incorrect. Swelling of the joints is non-urgent because it is an
expected finding for a child who has sickle cell disease. A low-grade fever is an expected finding
for a child who is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. Therefore, there is another finding that is
the nurse's priority.
Dropdown 2:
Pain is correct. The child reported their pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10, which indicates severe
pain. Vaso-occlusive crises can cause severe pain due to tissue ischemia from sickled cells
obstructing blood flow. When using the urgent vs. non-urgent approach to client care, the nurse
should identify that addressing the child's pain is the priority after addressing the child's hypoxia.
Anemia and hydration are incorrect. The child's hemoglobin and hematocrit levels are below the
expected reference range. Medications are often prescribed to increase the production of red
blood cells. However, this is a non-urgent finding. The child's oral mucosa indicates dehydration,
which can worsen the manifestations of a vaso-occlusive crisis. However, this is a non-urgent
finding. Therefore, there is another finding that is the nurse's priority.
A nurse is caring for a school-age child following an appendectomy.
After reviewing the information in the child's medical record, which of the following findings
should the nurse identify as a potential complication? Select the 3 findings from the child's
medical record that the nurse should identify as indications of a potential complication.
WBC count, Oxygen saturation level, Platelets, Abdomen assessment, Temperature, Abdominal
dressings assessment ------------ Correct Answer ----------- WBC count is correct. The child's
WBC count has increased significantly following the procedure. The nurse should identify that
this is a potential indication of a postoperative infection.
Oxygen saturation level is incorrect. The child's oxygen saturation level is within the expected
reference range. Therefore this finding does not indicate a potential complication.
Platelets is incorrect. The child's platelet count is within the expected reference range. Therefore
, this finding does not indicate a potential complication.
Abdomen assessment is correct. The child's abdomen is rigid and distended and they are
reporting increased pain. The nurse should identify that this is a potential indication of a
postoperative infection.
Temperature is correct. One day following surgery, the child's temperature has increased and is
above the expected reference range. The nurse should identify that this is a potential indication of
a postoperative infection.
Abdominal dressings assessment is incorrect. The child's abdominal dressings have scant serous
drainage present, which is an expected finding following surgery. Therefore this finding does not
indicate a potential complication.
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a school-age child who is 2 days postoperative
following an open repair and casting of a fracture in the right arm. Which of the following
findings should the nurse identify as an indication of a potential postoperative complication?
a. increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate
b. apical pulse 92/min
c. respiratory rate 24/min
d. taking an oral analgesic twice daily ------------ Correct Answer ----------- a. increased
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
The nurse should identify that an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate is an indication of
osteomyelitis, a potential complication following surgical repair of a fracture.
A nurse is caring for a 15-year-old adolescent following a head injury. Which of the following
findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the adolescent is developing syndrome of
inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)?
a. increased sodium level
b. decreased urine specific gravity
c. mental confusion
d. weak peripheral pulses ------------ Correct Answer ----------- c. mental confusion
A child who has a head injury can develop SIADH as a result of altered pituitary function,
leading to an oversecretion of antidiuretic hormone. Oversecretion of antidiuretic hormone leads
to a decrease in urine output, hyponatremia, and hyperosmolality due to overhydration. As the
hyponatremia becomes more severe, mental confusion and other neurologic manifestations such
as seizures can occur.
A nurse is discussing organ donation with the parents of a school-age child who has sustained
brain death due to a bicycle crash. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
a. inform the parents that written consent is required prior to organ donation
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