NUR 325 Exam 1 Test Bank New Latest Version Updated
2024-2025 Best Studying Material with All Questions and
100% Correct Answers
The nurse is completing a care plan for a patient who is exhibiting poor coping after receiving a
serious medical diagnosis. Which interventions would the nurse consider? (Select all that apply.)
a. Recommend a glass of wine before dinner each night for relaxation.
b. Compile a list of activities that are of interest to the patient.
c. Review pamphlets about treatment options with the patient.
d. Identify positive aspects of the illness, such as the chance to spend more time with family.
e. Reinforce the fact that the medical team can make treatment decisions, so the patient does not
need to worry. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- B C D (Interventions that develop an action
plan (activities that the patient is still able to do), education about the illness (review of treatment
options), and changing how the patient views some aspect of the illness (have more time with
family members) are all interventions that help coping skills. Recommending the use of alcohol
is not good, because the drinking may get out of control or the alcohol may interact with
prescribed medications. Having the medical team make all decisions reinforces the lack of
control the patient feels and encourages negative coping mechanisms of denial and avoidance.)
The nurse is developing a discharge plan for a patient who was recently diagnosed with diabetes.
What information about the patient does the nurse need to determine whether the patient has
effective coping strategies in place to carry out the plan of care?
a. Support available for the patient at home
b. The highest grade the patient completed in school
c. The financial resources available
d. The patient's confidence level ----------- Correct Answer ----------- D (Effective coping is
related to how confident the individual is and does not depend on one's education level. Support
at home is important; however, this question is asking about the patient's ability. Support at home
will assist the patient in reaching his or her goals. Financial security may help with the cost of
care.)
The pediatric operating room nurse is working with a child and his family as the child undergoes
surgery to repair a cleft palate. When the nurse enters the family waiting area to inform the
parents of how the procedure went, the father yells at the nurse and asks, "What took you so
long?" What nursing interventions would be most effective to respond to this situation?
a. Emotion-focused coping strategies
b. Problem-focused coping strategies
c. Cognitive restructuring
d. Develop an action plan ----------- Correct Answer ----------- A (The parent is exhibiting
misplaced aggression aimed toward the nurse. Emotion-focused coping strategies address the
feelings one has as a result of the stressor. This will assist the parent in talking about his fears.
Problem-focused coping strategies are most commonly applied when stressors can be modified,
,changed, or controlled. Cognitive restructuring is when an individual is encouraged to look at the
stressor from other perspectives. The nurse can assist the parent with an action plan, which will
assist in determining various coping methods in various situations and develop an individualized
plan.)
Which of the following statements is true regarding dementia?
a. It is a part of the normal aging process
b. Early onset is easy to detect
c. It is a slow, progressive disease
d. It is a reversible condition ----------- Correct Answer ----------- C
A community health nurse is preparing a course on protecting cognitive function. Which
population group should the nurse target for teaching?
a. Older male adults with diabetes
b. Older female adults who are overweight
c. Young adults living in school dormitories
d. Adolescents attending summer camps ----------- Correct Answer ----------- A (The primary risk
factor for cognitive impairment is advancing age; males with a history of stroke or diabetes are at
significant risk. Older females with a history of poor health, insomnia, and lack of social support
are at risk for cognitive impairment, not those who are overweight. Risk factors for young adults
include substance abuse and high-risk behaviors, not crowded living conditions. Adolescents
who attend summer camp are not necessarily at risk for cognitive problems; adolescents who
participate in high-risk behaviors would be at risk.)
A 90-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital. Shortly after admission, the family notices that
the patient is exhibiting disorientation and agitation. When questioned about the behavior by the
family, the nurse states that the patient is at risk for developing which common complication of
hospitalization in older adults?
a. Delirium
b. Dementia
c. Alzheimer's disease
d. Sundowner syndrome ----------- Correct Answer ----------- A (Delirium, which occurs over
hours to a few days, is the most frequent complication of hospitalization in the elderly
population. Dementia occurs over a period of months. Alzheimer's disease develops over months
to years. Sundowner syndrome is most prominent in dementia and becomes worse in the
evenings.)
The nurse is reviewing the needs of a patient with cognitive impairment. What is the priority
concern that the nurse should address for this patient?
a. Promoting at least 6 hours of sleep a night
b. Encouraging an oral intake of 1200 calories per day
c. Managing the patient's pain from arthritis
,d. Supervising medication administration ----------- Correct Answer ----------- D (Safety is the
priority concern for the cognitively impaired patient; safely taking medication addresses safety
needs for the patient. Sleep, nutrition, and management of pain are important components of the
patient's care and can affect overall health, but safety is the highest priority.)
A patient recently admitted to the hospital has been diagnosed with delirium. The family of the
patient asks the nurse to explain what delirium is. How should the nurse respond?
a. Delirium is reversible with treatment of the underlying cause.
b. Delirium is progressive and has no known cure.
c. Delirium affects a specific area of cognitive functioning.
d. Delirium indicates the onset of a cerebrovascular accident. ----------- Correct Answer -----------
A (Delirium can be reversible with treatment of the precipitating problem and control of
predisposing factors. Dementia is progressive and irreversible. Focal cognitive disorders affect a
single area of cognitive functioning. Memory and orientation may be affected by a
cerebrovascular accident (stroke), but delirium is not a sign of a stroke.)
The nurse is establishing a therapeutic environment for a patient admitted with dementia and
influenza. Which intervention would be important for the nurse to implement?
a. Keep a radio on all the time to provide sound for the patient.
b. Decrease patient confusion by limiting verbal interactions.
c. Limit family visits to one person for 30 minutes per day.
d. Provide a quiet environment in a private room. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- D (The
patient experiencing dementia needs a quiet environment with a minimum of unfamiliar
stimulation from a roommate. A patient with dementia does not need extra stimulation from
having a radio on continually. The nurse should speak clearly and quietly to the patient before
any procedure or assistance to decrease agitation. Family visits would be encouraged because
family members are familiar to the patient and their presence increases a sense of security.)
How is the relationship between the concepts of cognition and nutrition best expressed?
a. Unidirectional
b. Time dependent
c. Indirect
d. Reciprocal ----------- Correct Answer ----------- D (The relationship between the concepts of
cognition and nutrition is best expressed as reciprocal, meaning that cognition affects nutrition
and nutrition affects cognition. An example of this reciprocity is the case of a person with
impaired cognition who forgets to eat and drink. This leads to alterations in blood sugar and
hydration status, which in turn further impair cognitive function.)
According to available research, which is a primary risk factor for cognitive impairment?
a. Advancing age
b. Female gender
c. Caucasian
, d. Northern European ancestry ----------- Correct Answer ----------- A (Multiple studies have
been conducted evaluating characteristics of individuals who developed cognitive impairment
compared with those who did not. The results indicate that a primary risk factor for cognitive
impairment is advancing age. No differences in impairment have been found across populations
based on race, ethnicity, or gender, although correlated risk factors among women and men
differ.)
Which of the following is an essential defining difference between delirium and dementia?
a. Occurrence of sundowning syndrome
b.Presence of delusions
c. Incoherent speech
d. Disturbance in consciousness ----------- Correct Answer ----------- D (Delirium is a disorder of
disturbed consciousness and altered cognition, whereas dementia is characterized by progressive
deterioration in cognitive function with little or no disturbance in consciousness or perception.
Sundowning, delusions, and incoherent speech occur with both conditions.)
Ideomotor apraxia is classified as a deficit in which cognitive area?
a. Memory
b. Language
c. Thought process
d. Visuospatial ----------- Correct Answer ----------- D (Ideomotor apraxia is an abnormality
affecting the visuospatial cognitive area. Apraxia is the inability to perform purposeful
movements or manipulate objects despite intact sensory and motor abilities. Ideomotor apraxia is
a specific type of apraxia in which there is an inability to translate an idea into action.)
Which aspects of cognitive function are tested when a person is asked to start with 100 and count
backward, subtracting 7 each time? Mark all that apply.
a. Attention
b. Concentration
c. Thought process
d. Immediate recall
e. Short-term memory
f. Long term memory ----------- Correct Answer ----------- A B (Asking the patient to count
backward from 100, subtracting 7 each time is an assessment of attention and concentration.
Attention and immediate recall are tested by asking the patient to repeat a set of numbers both as
stated and backward. Thought process is assessed by evaluating conversation for coherence,
relevance, logic, and organization. Short-term memory is assessed by asking the patient to
remember three stated items and repeat them back in 5 minutes. Long-term memory is tested by
asking for information that has been in memory for at least 24 hours.)
The home care nurse is visiting patients in the community. Which patient is exhibiting an early
warning sign of Alzheimer's disease (AD)?
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