BBH 302 Final Exam Review Study Guide with Complete Solutions
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Course
BBH 302
Institution
BBH 302
BBH 302 Final Exam Review Study
Guide with Complete Solutions
Differences - Answer️️ -Can be explained using biology (ie, Prostate
Cancer higher in men. Breast Cancer higher in Women. Women live longer
than men. Resource poor populations die younger than resource rich
populations.)
Dispar...
Biobehavioral Health (BBH 302) : Penn State University
BBH 302 Final Exam Review Study
Guide with Complete Solutions
Differences - Answer✔️✔️-Can be explained using biology (ie, Prostate
Cancer higher in men. Breast Cancer higher in Women. Women live longer
than men. Resource poor populations die younger than resource rich
populations.)
Disparities - Answer✔️✔️-usually brings ethics or social justice into question
examples:
60,000 excess deaths in minority populations
Cancer (16% excess black males, 10% females)
CVD/Stroke (24% excess black males, 41% females)
Cirrhosis (13% excess Amer Indian males, 22% females)
Biobehavioral Health (BBH 302) : Penn State University
Inequalities - Answer✔️✔️-Similar to differences, a general problem is there
Ex.
Low birth weight in infants
Lung cancer in smokers
Challenges in measuring health disparities/inequities - Answer✔️✔️-
inadequate numbers, data, and info
Morbidity - Answer✔️✔️-referring to any departure from, subjective or
objective, a state of physiological or psychological well-being.
Mortality - Answer✔️✔️-frequency of the occurrence of death in a defined
population during a specified interval of time (e.g., breast cancer mortality
rate in 2010).
Incidence - Answer✔️✔️-The number of new cases of disease during a
specified time interval.
Prevalence - Answer✔️✔️-the number of total cases (new and preexisting) at
a specific point in time. Usually expressed as a percentage during a specific
year.
Primary Prevention - Answer✔️✔️-Efforts to reduce or control
disease/injury before any symptoms exist. The assumption is that the
individual does not have a disease/injury, so the focus is on reducing risk
Biobehavioral Health (BBH 302) : Penn State University
and keeping the individual disease/injury free. An example is the use of
seatbelts to prevent injuries or death from motor vehicle accidents, or
brushing your teeth to prevent cavities.
Secondary Prevention - Answer✔️✔️-Efforts to aid in the early detection or
identification of disease or injury, or treatment to prevent further problems.
An example would be mammography to detect breast cancer.
Tertiary Prevention - Answer✔️✔️-Efforts are focused on treatment and
rehabilitation. This includes medication, surgery and other treatments for
current problems, as well as efforts to prevent further problems associated
with the disease/injury.
"Isms" - Answer✔️✔️-We refer to "isms" throughout this course to describe
any kind of discrimination against another person because of a particular
characteristic. This may be discrimination due to race or ethnicity, sex,
sexual orientation, gender identity, age, or any other characteristic. When
we discuss racism, you will be encouraged to think about how the
discussion could also apply to sexism, heterosexism, ageism, or other isms.
Social Determinants of Health - Answer✔️✔️-These are structures and
policies in society that can serve to promote or impede health. Examples
include discrimination, housing policies, income/wealth, educational
opportunities, or community resources. We will refer to social
determinants of health throughout the course to help us focus in on
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