BIO 112 Exam (Genetics) with Questions & 100% Correct Answers| Passed with Grade A
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Course
BIO 112
Institution
BIO 112
What term defines the appearance of an individual? - phenotype
Mendel's first law, called the law of ______, states that the two alleles of a trait separate during the
formation of gametes, so that half the gametes will carry one copy and half will carry the other copy. -
segregation
Mendel's s...
BIO 112 Exam (Genetics) with
Questions & 100% Correct Answers|
Passed with Grade A
What term defines the appearance of an individual? - ✔✔phenotype
Mendel's first law, called the law of ______, states that the two alleles of a trait separate during the
formation of gametes, so that half the gametes will carry one copy and half will carry the other copy. -
✔✔segregation
Mendel's second law is known as the law of ___ assortment - ✔✔independent
Genes are 'read' from the chromosomal DNA to create RNA that is then translated to produce ______,
which influence the phenotype of an individual. - ✔✔proteins
In a cross between individuals that are heterozygous for two traits with simple dominant/recessive
inheritance, the ratio of phenotypes in the offspring is predicted to be ______. - ✔✔9:3:3:1
Genes influence the phenotype by specifying the kinds of ______ present in cells. - ✔✔proteins
A change in the DNA sequence of a gene is called a(n) ______, which can result in a change in the
phenotype. - ✔✔mutation
Sometimes the environment changes in such a way that one of the rare versions of a gene functions
better under the new conditions. When that happens, ___ ___ will favor the rare allele, which will then
become more common. - ✔✔natural; selection
______ are like recipes within the DNA cook book for making individual proteins that determine
phenotype. - ✔✔Genes
, A mutation is a change in a(n) ______, which can alter phenotype, even if only a single nucleotide is
changed. - ✔✔gene
What mechanism can favor rare alleles that are advantageous in certain environmental conditions? -
✔✔natural selection
In pleiotropy, one gene affects many characters, in marked contrast to ______, where many genes affect
one character. - ✔✔polygeny
The gradation in phenotypes that result when multiple genes act jointly to influence a trait is called
______. - ✔✔continuous variation
What type of inheritance is occurring when multiple genes act jointly to influence a character, with the
character often showing a range of small differences? - ✔✔polygenic
In incomplete dominance, the heterozygous offspring show ______. - ✔✔a phenotype that is
intermediate between the phenotypes of the parents
The coat of an arctic fox changing from white in the winter to brown in the summer, is a result of
______. - ✔✔environmental effects on allele expression
In polygenic inheritance, ______. - ✔✔multiple genes act jointly to influence a trait
What is occurring when the heterozygous phenotype is intermediate between the phenotypes of the
parents, such as pink-flowered offspring from a red-flower parent and a white-flowered parent? -
✔✔incomplete dominance
Allele expression that depends on conditions such as temperature or light is an example of ______. -
✔✔environmental effects
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