NUR 336 Exam 5 Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 336
Institution
NUR 336
Xerosis (dryness) fine flaking of the stratum corneum -generalized pruritus -older patients -scratching cause: secondary skin lesions, excoriations, lichenification, and infection -rehydrate skin and relieve itching -bathing with moisture soaps, oils, and lotions
What are things that make dryness ...
NUR 336 Exam 5 Practice Questions and
Correct Answers
Xerosis (dryness) ✅fine flaking of the stratum corneum
-generalized pruritus
-older patients
-scratching cause: secondary skin lesions, excoriations, lichenification, and infection
-rehydrate skin and relieve itching
-bathing with moisture soaps, oils, and lotions
What are things that make dryness worse? ✅low fluid intake
Dry air
Certain soaps
Bathing in hot water
How can we prevent dry skin? ✅moisturizers
Increased fluid intake
Humidifiers
Bath every other day
Pruritus (itching) ✅itching is a subjective symptom
Avoid drying agents
Cool sleeping environment
Fingernails trimmed short
Antihistamines (diphenhydramine)
Topical steroids
Urticaria (hives) ✅presence of white or red edematous papules or plaques of varying
sizes
-removal of triggering substances (usually an allergy)
-antihistamines (diphenhydramine)
-avoid: overexertion, alcohol consumption, and warm environments (these cause
vasodilation)
Wound assessment ✅coca
Tunneling
Location
Size
What do the edges look like
Does it blanch
Skin bed (what do you see?)
Stage 1 pressure ulcer ✅skin intact
,Redness that does not blanch
Stage 2 pressure ulcer ✅partial thickness loss into epidermis or dermis
Abrasion, blister, or shallow crater
Stage 3 pressure ulcer ✅full thickness loss
No exposure of bone, tendon, or muscle
Deep crater; may tunnel
Stage 4 pressure ulcer ✅full thickness loss
Exposure of muscle, tendon, or bone
Tunneling
Slough and eschar present
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy ✅used for severe wounds
Increased oxygen --> promotes wound healing
Surgical debridement ✅must have healthy pink wound bed to do this
Folliculitis ✅bacterial infection
Superficial infection involving only the upper portion of the follicle
Furuncle (boil) ✅much deeper infection in the follicle
Cellulitis ✅-generalized infection with either staphylococcus, streptococcus, or h flu
involving deeper connective tissue
-inflammation of subcutaneous tissue
-usually treated with moist heat & antibiotics
Mrsa ✅-cause: long term use of unnecessary antibiotics
-symptoms: small red bumps; deep, painful abscesses of skin; burrow deep (life
threatening-declining)
-culture: tissue/fluid/nasal secretion-48 hours
-easily spreads from one person to the next
-usually progresses quickly
-treatment: drain wound and/or antibiotic (vancomycin)
-contact isolation
Herpes simplex virus ✅-type 1: cold sore (fever, blister)- contagious when you come in
contact; occurs from stress, around menstruation, etc.
-type 2: genital herpes
-herpes zoster: shingles- reactivation of chicken pox
**type 1 wont cause type 2; type 2 wont cause type 1
, Herpes zoster/shingles ✅-reactivation of the dormant varicella-zoster virus in pts who
has chicken pox or pts who received a chicken pox vaccine
-multiple lesions on the skin area innervated by the infected nerve: minor irritation to
severe, deep pain
-lasts several weeks with fever, malaise
-postherpetic neuralgia: pain occurs after lesions resolved for many weeks
-contagious: spreads more easily if patient is weepy
-vaccine: adults >50 years old
Fungal and yeast infections
Tinea pedis =
Tinea cruris =
Tinea capitis =
Tinea corporis =
Tinea manus = ✅tinea pedis = athletes foot
Tinea cruris = jock itch
Tinea capitis = patches on scalp
Tinea corporis = ring worm
Tinea manus = patches on hand
-direct contact with infected humans or animals
-avoid sharing personal items and linens
-may need antifungal
-usually gone within 7-10 days
What questions would the nurse ask when taking a health history on someone with skin
problems? ✅have you had this before?
Other symptoms (itching; pain; etc.)?
Stressed? Fatigue?
Medications?
Allergies?
What have you been in contact with?
What are interventions that can be done to help restore skin health? ✅oxygen,
nutrition, fluid, bathing daily, avoid excess moisture
Cutaneous anthrax ✅infection from spores - bacillus anthracis
Diagnosis: appearance of the lesions and blood culture of anthrax antibodies
Risk: farm workers, veterinarians, skin/wool workers
Treatment: oral antibiotics for 60 days (ciprofloxacin)
Contact dermatitis ✅causes: poison ivy, poison oak, cosmetics, soaps
Interventions: topical steroids
-avoidance of oil based products
-antihistamines
-compresses and baths (oatmeal bath)
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