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NURS 309 Exam 1 (Fluid and Electrolytes) Exam Questions And Correct Answers. $12.49   Add to cart

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NURS 309 Exam 1 (Fluid and Electrolytes) Exam Questions And Correct Answers.

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*normal level: 275-300 -concentration of amount of solutes/chemicals in blood Serum Osmolality: Hypervolemia and Hypovolemia - answerHypervolemia: (FVE) -osmo: decreased (diluted) -weight: increased -intake (increased), output (decreased) -Increased: BP, CVP -Decreased: Na, BUN, Hct, creatin...

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  • August 29, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NURS 309
  • NURS 309
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©THEBRIGHT EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/27/2024 12:01 PM



NURS 309 Exam 1 (Fluid and Electrolytes)
Exam Questions And Correct Answers.

Assessing Fluid Balance - answer✔✔What do we look at:
-**weight and I&Os
-VS, CVP
-Na, BUN, Hct
-head to toe assessment (edema, turgor, ascites)


How often assess:
-Q8 (typically)
-Q1 if imbalance present for Pt

Serum Osmolality - answer✔✔*normal level: 275-300


-concentration of amount of solutes/chemicals in blood

Serum Osmolality: Hypervolemia and Hypovolemia - answer✔✔Hypervolemia: (FVE)
-osmo: decreased (diluted)
-weight: increased
-intake (increased), output (decreased)


-Increased: BP, CVP
-Decreased: Na, BUN, Hct, creatinine, HR, temp


Hypovolemia: (FVD)
-osmo: increased

, ©THEBRIGHT EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/27/2024 12:01 PM


-weight: decreased
-intake (decreased), output (increased)


-Increased: Na, BUN, Hct, creatinine, HR, temp
-Decreased: BP, CVP

Hypovolemia (FVD) - answer✔✔*decreased water (fluid), increased Na, increased Cl


Causes:
-vomiting, diarrhea
-GI suction
-excessive perspiration
-NPO or decreased intake of food
-third spacing (fluid in tissue/organs it shouldn't be)
-diabetes insipidus
-hyperglycemia (increased BS = increased output)
-adrenal insufficiency
-hemorrhage (trauma)
-excessive use of diuretics and laxatives


Signs/Symptoms:
-serum osmolality >300
-urine specific gravity >1.020 (decreased urine Na)
-decreased urine output


-tachycardia, hypotension, tachypnea
-flattened neck and hand veins
-decreased turgor

, ©THEBRIGHT EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/27/2024 12:01 PM


-cool, clammy skin, thirst


-increased Na, BUN, Hct
-decreased weight, CVP, I&Os

Hypovolemia (FVD) in Elderly - answer✔✔-higher risk d/t decreased body mass and renal
function and increased body fat


-decreased ability to concentrate urine (color doesn't show good estimate of hydration)
-decreased cardiac and lung function
-disturbances in hormonal function
-decreased thirst


-confusion and cognitive dysfunction (dehydration and UTIs)
-S/S can be subtle/asymptomatic (check venous filling of hand)
-check turgor by pinching forehead or sternum (not hand)


*remind to drink q1hr
*should drink variety of fluids throughout day (cannot depend on thirst or color of urine)

UOP (urine output) - answer✔✔*UOP: should be 1ml/kg/hr (60-80ml/hr)


-a concern if <= 30ml/hr

SBP (systolic BP) - answer✔✔*patient placed on fall risk
-would develop orthostatic hypotension if with hypovolemia


*consider FVD when BP drops below normal pressure

Best Indicator for FVD or FVE - answer✔✔FVD:
-weight loss

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