PSCI 210 Midterm #2 Exam Questions With Correct Answers.
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Course
PSCI 210
Institution
PSCI 210
PSCI 210 Midterm #2 Exam Questions With
Correct Answers.
Incorporation Revolution - answerThe accelerated process by which the Supreme Court
declares that a right also applies to state governments.
Civil Rights - answerThe freedom to participate in the full life of the community - to vote,
use...
PSCI 210 Midterm #2 Exam Questions With
Correct Answers.
Incorporation Revolution - answer✔✔The accelerated process by which the Supreme Court
declares that a right also applies to state governments.
Civil Rights - answer✔✔The freedom to participate in the full life of the community - to vote,
use public facilities, and exercise equal economic opportunity
selective incorporation - answer✔✔The process by which provisions of the Bill of Rights are
brought within the scope of the Fourteenth Amendment and so applied to state and local
governments.
Griswold v. Connecticut - answer✔✔Married couple wanted to get contraceptives; struck down
a Connecticut law prohibiting the sale of contraceptives; established the right of privacy through
the 4th and 9th amendment
Roe v. Wade - answer✔✔The 1973 Supreme Court decision holding that a state ban on all
abortions was unconstitutional. The decision forbade state control over abortions during the first
trimester of pregnancy, permitted states to limit abortions to protect the mother's health in the
second trimester, and permitted states to protect the fetus during the third trimester.
judicial rule - answer✔✔A hard-and-fast boundary between what is lawful and what is not
Judicial standard - answer✔✔a guiding principle that helps governments make judgement calls
Planned Parenthood v. Casey - answer✔✔A 1992 case in which the Supreme Court loosened its
standard for evaluating restrictions on abortion from one of "strict scrutiny" of any restraints on a
"fundamental right" to one of "undue burden" that permits considerably more regulation.
Establishment Clause - answer✔✔the First Amendment guarantee that the government will not
create and support an official state church
Free Exercise Clause - answer✔✔A First Amendment provision that prohibits government from
interfering with the practice of religion.
Strict Separation - answer✔✔The strict principles articulated in the Lemon test for judging
whether a law establishes a religion
Accommodation - answer✔✔The principle that government does not violate the establishment
clause as long as it does not confer an advantage to some religions over others.
Clear and Present danger - answer✔✔Court doctrine that permits restrictions of free speech if
officials believe that the speech will lead to prohibited action like violence or terrorism.
symbolic expression - answer✔✔an act, rather than actual speech, used to demonstrate a point of
view
hate speech - answer✔✔Hostile statements based on someone's personal characteristics, such as
race, ethnicity, religion, or sexual orientation.
fighting words - answer✔✔Expression inherently likely to provoke violent reaction and not
necessarily protected by the First Amendment
prior restraint - answer✔✔Legal effort to stop speech before it occurs - in effect, censorship
Miller Test - answer✔✔Three-part test for judging whether a work is obscene (if it has all three,
the work loses First Amendment protection).
Libel - answer✔✔a published false statement that is damaging to a person's reputation; a written
defamation.
Slander - answer✔✔spoken untruths that are harmful to someone's reputation
exclusionary rule - answer✔✔improperly gathered evidence may not be introduced in a criminal
trial
grand jury - answer✔✔A jury that does not decide on guilt or innocence but only on whether
there is enough evidence for the case to go to trial
double jeopardy - answer✔✔The principle that an individual cannot be tried twice for the same
offense
Miranda warnings - answer✔✔A set of rights that police officers are required to inform suspects
of, including the right to remain silent.
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) - answer✔✔Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that a
defendant in a felony trial must be provided a lawyer free of charge if the defendant cannot
afford one.
USA Patriot Act - answer✔✔Legislation passed shortly after the terrorist attacks of September
11, 2001, that granted broad surveillance and detention authority to the government.
Strict Scrutiny - answer✔✔The standard by which "suspect classifications" are judged. To be
upheld, such a classification must be related to a "compelling government interest," be "narrowly
tailored" to achieve that interest, and use the "least restrictive means" available.
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