MICR 290 FINAL EXAM 2 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS REVISED AND
UPDATED
Bordetella pertussis - Answer--Causes pertussis (whooping cough)
-Pertussis progresses through 4 phases: incubation, catarrhal, paroxysmal,
convalescent
Borrelia burgdorferi - Answer-3 phases in untreated patients:
-Bull's eye rash at infection site
-Neurological symptoms
-Severe arthritis
Spirochete borrelia burgdorferi causes lyme disease
Chlamydia trachomatis - Answer--Causes chlamydia
-Lympthogranuloma venereum causes a genital lesion and bubo in the groin
Developmental cycle:
-Elementary bodies are the infective non-productive form
-Reticulate bodies are the non-infective reproductive form
-Cause infection of lymph nodes, conductive and lungs
-Most common (#1) reportable STD in U.S.
Infection can mimic gonorrhea
Clostridium botulinum - Answer--Causes botulism (flaccid paralysis)
3 forms:
-Food borne botulism
-Infant botulism
-Wound botulism
-Infant botulism most common form in U.S. (don't feed infants honey)
Clostridium difficile - Answer--Causes bacterial gastroenteritis (antimicrobial-associated
diarrhea)
, -Antimicrobial use facilitates germination of the endospores and overgrowth of C.
difficile
-C difficile produces 2 toxins
-Toxins mediate inflammation and pseudomembrane formation
-C. difficile is a membrane of human intestinal microbiota that can cause life threatening
disease
-Avoid unnecessary use of antimicrobials
Clostridium perfringens - Answer--Causes gas gangrene
-Bacterial endospores survive harsh conditions
-vegetative cells secrete 11 toxins
Clostridium tetani - Answer--Causes tetanus
-Spores grow in deep wound and vegetative cells produce neurotoxin called
tetanospasmin
-Blocks release of inhibitory neurotransmitters at the neuromuscular junction
Corynebacterium diphtheriae - Answer--Causes diphtheria
-Toxin is the most important virulence factor
-Diphtheria toxin: prevents polypeptide synthesis and causes cell death
Escherichia coli - Answer--Causes most cases of bacterial urinary tract infections
-Enteric bacteria are most common cause
Haemophilus influenza - Answer--Cause bacterial meningitis (encapsulated)
-Gram - pleomorphic rods
-All airborne (transmitted via respiratory droplets)
-Vaccine available, has dropped disease in young children intensely
Helicobacter pylori - Answer-Causes peptic ulcers
WITH ANSWERS REVISED AND
UPDATED
Bordetella pertussis - Answer--Causes pertussis (whooping cough)
-Pertussis progresses through 4 phases: incubation, catarrhal, paroxysmal,
convalescent
Borrelia burgdorferi - Answer-3 phases in untreated patients:
-Bull's eye rash at infection site
-Neurological symptoms
-Severe arthritis
Spirochete borrelia burgdorferi causes lyme disease
Chlamydia trachomatis - Answer--Causes chlamydia
-Lympthogranuloma venereum causes a genital lesion and bubo in the groin
Developmental cycle:
-Elementary bodies are the infective non-productive form
-Reticulate bodies are the non-infective reproductive form
-Cause infection of lymph nodes, conductive and lungs
-Most common (#1) reportable STD in U.S.
Infection can mimic gonorrhea
Clostridium botulinum - Answer--Causes botulism (flaccid paralysis)
3 forms:
-Food borne botulism
-Infant botulism
-Wound botulism
-Infant botulism most common form in U.S. (don't feed infants honey)
Clostridium difficile - Answer--Causes bacterial gastroenteritis (antimicrobial-associated
diarrhea)
, -Antimicrobial use facilitates germination of the endospores and overgrowth of C.
difficile
-C difficile produces 2 toxins
-Toxins mediate inflammation and pseudomembrane formation
-C. difficile is a membrane of human intestinal microbiota that can cause life threatening
disease
-Avoid unnecessary use of antimicrobials
Clostridium perfringens - Answer--Causes gas gangrene
-Bacterial endospores survive harsh conditions
-vegetative cells secrete 11 toxins
Clostridium tetani - Answer--Causes tetanus
-Spores grow in deep wound and vegetative cells produce neurotoxin called
tetanospasmin
-Blocks release of inhibitory neurotransmitters at the neuromuscular junction
Corynebacterium diphtheriae - Answer--Causes diphtheria
-Toxin is the most important virulence factor
-Diphtheria toxin: prevents polypeptide synthesis and causes cell death
Escherichia coli - Answer--Causes most cases of bacterial urinary tract infections
-Enteric bacteria are most common cause
Haemophilus influenza - Answer--Cause bacterial meningitis (encapsulated)
-Gram - pleomorphic rods
-All airborne (transmitted via respiratory droplets)
-Vaccine available, has dropped disease in young children intensely
Helicobacter pylori - Answer-Causes peptic ulcers
