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NUR 681- Exam 1 Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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  • NUR 681
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  • NUR 681

Dementia (define) A decline in mental functioning , affecting memory, cognition, language, & personality ^PERSISTENT Delirium (define) An acute, transient disturbance in thought process Delirium (S/S) **inattention** **sleep-wake cycle disturbance** -memory problems -psychomotor retardation -ag...

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  • August 30, 2024
  • 20
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • nur 681 exam 1 practice questions and correct ans
  • dementia define a decline in mental functioning
  • delirium define an acute transient disturbance

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  • NUR 681
  • NUR 681

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NUR 681- Exam 1 Practice Questions
and Correct Answers
Dementia (define) ✅A decline in mental functioning , affecting memory, cognition,
language, & personality

^PERSISTENT

Delirium (define) ✅An acute, transient disturbance in thought process

Delirium (S/S) ✅**inattention**
**sleep-wake cycle disturbance**

-memory problems
-psychomotor retardation
-agitation
-hallucinations/perceptual disturbances
-language disturbance

Dementia (pharmacological treatment) ✅*Memantine

*Donepezil
-Rivastigmine

Alzheimer's disease (pharmacological treatment) ✅N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)

Which antipsychotic is recommended for dementia treatment ✅Risperidone
(Risperdal) [shouldn't use >3 months]

Dizziness (define) ✅The sensation of unsteadiness or feeling off balance, faintness,
light-headedness, & a feeling of movement within the head

^results from inadequate blood flow to the brain

Vertigo (define) ✅The false sensation of rotation or movement of the patient or the
patient's surroundings

^may result from an inner ear disease or disturbance in vestibular center or pathway

Hallpike maneuver (define) ✅Distinguishes between benign vertigo and vertigo
resulting from a CNS lesion

,Performed by rotating the patient's head to one side and then lowering it slowly to 30
degrees below the bodyline
^(+) for lesion when vertical nystagmus occurs with multiple repetitions (benign vertigo
may produce nystagmus initially)

What percentage of headaches are without a pathologic cause? ✅90%

Prevalence of headaches in women vs. men ✅Women are 2-3 X more likely to suffer
from headaches than men

Occurrence of headaches in association with menses? ✅Headaches usually occur
after ovulation and before & during menstruation

^BCP or hormonal replacement therapy should be explored
**Combined hormonal contraceptive contraindicated in women who have migraines with
aura!!**

Types of primary headaches ✅-Tension-type
-Migraine
-Cluster

Tension-type headaches (define) ✅-AKA muscle contraction headaches
-Can last 30 minutes to 7 days
-Mild-moderate bilateral, nonpulsating, tightening/dull pain that is not aggravated by
physical activity

Tension-type headaches (management) ✅*NSAIDs or acetaminophen*
-Cool compresses
-Stress reduction techniques

Migraines (define) ✅Can last 4-72 hours; presents as moderate-severe unilateral,
pulsating pain

-Aggravated by physical activity
-Accompanied by N/V & photophobia

Auras (characteristics) ✅Either a set of patterns in the visual fields or a sequence of
strange feelings moving from the hand, up the arm, and onto the face

-Last 5-60 minutes
-Fully reversible

Aura vs. TIA ✅Aura = neurological symptoms slowly evolve; (+) S/S

TIA = neurological symptom onset is rapid; (-) S/S

, Common migraine triggers ✅-Alcohol
-Stress
-Menstruation
-Diet

Diagnostic criteria for migraines without auras ✅2 of the following:
-Unilateral
-Pulsating
-Moderate-severe intensity
-Exacerbated by physical activity

1 of the following:
-N/V
-Photophobia
-Phonophobia

Relationship between migraines and age ✅INVERSE relationship!

Prevalence of migraine is highest in those <40 years old and lowest in those >60 years
old

Migraines (pharmaceutical tx) ✅Abortive:
**Triptans**
-NSAIDs
-antiemetics

Prophylactic:
-Propranolol
-Nortriptyline
-Topiramate

Cluster headaches (pharmaceutical tx) ✅**100% oxygen by mask

-Sumatriptan (SQ)
-Zolmitriptain (intranasal)

-Indomethacin

Cluster headaches (patho) ✅Hypersensitization of ophthalmic nerve

Primary headaches (diagnostic tests) ✅-MRI --> R/O lesions, hemorrhage, etc.
-CT scan --> R/O hemorrhage
-Lumbar puncture --> R/O meningitis

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