Straighterline Microbiology Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025 | Rated A+
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Straighterline Microbiology
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Straighterline Microbiology
Straighterline Microbiology Questions
and Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025
| Rated A+
What is the role of plasmids in bacterial cells?
Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that can carry additional genes, such as those
for antibiotic resistance.
How do bacteria typically re...
Straighterline Microbiology Questions
and Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025
| Rated A+
What is the role of plasmids in bacterial cells?
✔✔ Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that can carry additional genes, such as those
for antibiotic resistance.
How do bacteria typically reproduce?
✔✔ Bacteria typically reproduce through a process called binary fission, where a single cell
divides into two identical daughter cells.
What is the function of the bacterial flagellum?
✔✔ The bacterial flagellum functions as a tail-like structure that helps the bacterium move.
1
,What is the primary difference between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in terms of
their cell walls?
✔✔ Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer in their cell walls, while Gram-
negative bacteria have a thinner peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane.
What is a biofilm and how does it affect bacterial infections?
✔✔ A biofilm is a complex community of microorganisms adhering to surfaces, which can
protect bacteria from the immune system and antibiotics, making infections harder to treat.
What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?
✔✔ Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, translating mRNA into polypeptides.
How does the immune system recognize and destroy pathogens?
✔✔ The immune system recognizes pathogens through specific receptors on immune cells and
destroys them using antibodies and phagocytosis.
2
,What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration in bacteria?
✔✔ Aerobic respiration requires oxygen to produce energy, while anaerobic respiration occurs
without oxygen and often produces different byproducts.
What is the significance of the capsule in pathogenic bacteria?
✔✔ The capsule provides protection to pathogenic bacteria by shielding them from the host’s
immune system and aiding in adherence to surfaces.
How do vaccines work to prevent bacterial infections?
✔✔ Vaccines stimulate the immune system to recognize and respond to specific bacteria by
introducing antigens or weakened forms of the pathogen.
What is the function of the bacterial cell wall?
3
, ✔✔ The bacterial cell wall provides structural support, maintains cell shape, and protects against
osmotic pressure changes.
What are endospores, and why are they important for certain bacteria?
✔✔ Endospores are highly resistant structures formed by some bacteria to survive extreme
conditions, such as high temperatures and desiccation.
What is the primary function of the cell membrane in a bacterial cell?
✔✔ The cell membrane controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
What is the role of enzymes in microbial metabolism?
✔✔ Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in microbial metabolism.
How do fungi reproduce asexually?
4
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