BCHM 307 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
A gaseous mixture of H, H2O, ammonia, and methane produce what biomolecules when exposed to an electric current? - Answer-Amino Acids
/.A strong acid has a low/high pH - Answer-Low
/.Amino acid residues are joined by ________ bonds - Answe...
A gaseous mixture of H, H2O, ammonia, and methane produce what biomolecules
when exposed to an electric current? - Answer-Amino Acids
/.A strong acid has a low/high pH - Answer-Low
/.Amino acid residues are joined by ________ bonds - Answer-peptide
/.An amine group has how many hydrogen bond donors/acceptors? - Answer-Donors- 2
Acceptors- 1
/.An open reading frame is defined by _________ - Answer-a start and stop codon
/.Bacteria typically have fewer than _______ genes
Plants and animals typically have more than _________ genes - Answer-5,000
10,000
/.Categorize the cofactors that aid in catalysis - Answer-Metal Ions
Coenzymes- cosubstrates and prosthetic groups
/.Coenzymes NAD+, FAD, and CoA all contain a derivative of __________ - Answer-
Adenosine
/.Define a buffer and indicate what it is composed of - Answer-a solution that resists
changes in pH when acid or alkali is added to it
Buffers typically involve a weak acid or alkali together with one of its salts.
/.Define amphipathic - Answer-having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts
/.Define an enzyme - Answer-a catalyst that speeds up the rate of a reaction
Usually a protein, but doesn't have to be
/.Define Biochemistry - Answer-Explaining life at a molecular level
/.Define dipole - Answer-created by equal but opposite charges that are separated by a
short distance
/.Define electronegativity - Answer-a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a
bonding pair of electrons
/.Define prokaryotes and eukaryotes - Answer-Prokaryotes- small, unicellular
organisms-- no nucleus-- no endomembrane system-- ex: bacteria
,Eukaryotes- large multicellular or unicellular organisms-- have nucleus and
endomembrane system
/.Deoxyribose lacks a _______ on carbon _______ - Answer-Alcohol
2
/.Depict blood buffer system equation - Answer-
/.Describe an exergonic reaction - Answer-Occurs without the addition of free energy
Is spontaneous
Will have more products than reactions at equilibrium
delta G < 0
/.Describe how the three reversible inhibitors affect the Line-weaver burk plots (draw the
graphs) - Answer-Competitive- increases Km, doesn't affect Vmax
Non-Competitive- Decreases Vmax
Un-Competitive- decreases both Km and Vmax
/.Describe the base pairing and number of H-bonds between them - Answer-A-T (2 H-
bonds)
C-G (3 H-bonds)
/.Describe the four levels of protein structure. - Answer-Primary- sequence of amino
acids
Secondary- first 3D structure (H-bonding)
Tertiary- folded polypeptide (hydrophobic effect)
Quaternary- interactions between multiple polypeptide chains (not in all proteins)
/.Describe the Structure and Function of Amino Acids - Answer-Structure: Amino group,
carboxyl group, and side chain (R-group)
Function: Polymerize into proteins (build proteins)
/.Describe the structure and function of carbohydrates - Answer-Structure: (CH2O)n
Function: Provide Energy
/.Describe the structure and function of lipids - Answer-Structure: Variety of structures
Function: provide energy
/.Describe the structure and function of nucleotides - Answer-Structure: Made up of
nitrogenous base, 5-Carbon sugar deoxyribose, and phosphate group
Function: Carry genetic information
/.Describe the structure of amino acids and how they link together to form polypeptides -
Answer-Amino acids have an amino group, H, central carbon, carboxyl group, and a
varying R group
, They form peptide bonds through dehydration synthesis (condensation rxn) between the
amino group of one and the carboxyl group of another.
/.Describe three instances where enzymes do not follow Michaelis Menten Kinetics -
Answer-Some enzymes have multiple substrates
Some enzyme-catalyzed reactions have many steps
Allosteric Enzymes- the binding of a substrate at one active site induces more to bind
(cooperative binding like with hemoglobin)
/.Describe what is meant by a coupled reaction - Answer-A coupled reaction is when the
energy required for an endergonic reaction is supplied by and exergonic reaction
/.Describe what's unique about Cysteine - Answer-It contains sulfur and can form
disulfide bonds
These bonds facilitate crosslinking (increased stability)
/.Describe what's unique about methionine - Answer-It contains Sulfur in its R-group
It is the start of the polypeptide
/.Describe what's unique about Proline - Answer-It's side chain links back onto its
backbone
This constrains the overall shape of the polypeptide by putting a kink in it (can't be in a
alpha helix)
/.Describe what's unique about Tryptophan - Answer-It is present in all proteins (in small
amounts)
It is the only amino acid with a fused ring system
It absorbs UV light
/.Diagram the normal relationship between rxn rate and substrate concentration -
Answer-It is a hyperbolic curve
/.Differentiate between amylose and amylopectin - Answer-Amylose- linear polymer of
glucose
Amylopectin- branched polymer of glucose
/.Discuss the formation of collagen fibers by crosslinking - Answer-Covalently
crosslinked by lysine residues
Crosslinking occurs via enzyme catalyzed oxidation
More crosslinks are added with time
/.Discuss the properties of strong/weak acids/bases. - Answer-Strong Acid- very likely to
dissociate (lose +)
Weak Acid- unlikely to dissociate
Strong Base- very likely to dissociate (form OH-)
Weak base- unlikely to dissociate
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller kartelo. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
