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Myers AP Psychology Unit 8-9 questions with actual answers.
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Myers AP Psychology Unit 8-9 questionswith actual answers.
Motivation ANS - A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior.
Instinct ANS - A complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned.
Drive-reduction theory ANS - The idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state (a
drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need.
Homeostasis ANS - A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any
aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level.
Incentive ANS - A positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior.
Hierarchy of Needs ANS - Maslow's pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological
needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become
active.
Glucose ANS - The form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy
for body tissues. When its level is low, we feel hunger.
Set point ANS - The point at which an individual's "weight thermostat" is supposedly set. When the
body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the
lost weight.
Basal metabolic rate ANS - The body's resting rate of energy expenditure.
Anorexia nervosa ANS - An eating disorder in which a normal-weight person diets and becomes
significantly underweight, yet, still feeling fat, continues to starve.
, Bulimia nervosa ANS - An eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high-
calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise.
Binge-eating disorder ANS - Significant binge-eating episodes, followed by distress, disgust, or guilt, but
without the compensatory purging, fasting, or excessive exercise that marks bulimia nervosa.
Sexual response cycle ANS - The four stages of sexual responding described by Matsters and Johnson-
excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.
Refractory period ANS - A resting period after orgasm, during which a man cannot achieve another
orgasm.
Estrogens ANS - Sex hormones, such as estradiol, secreted in greater amounts by females that by
males. In nonhuman female mammals, estrogen levels peak during ovulation, promotion sexual
receptivity.
Testosterone ANS - The most important of the male sex hormones. Both males and females have it, but
the additional testosterone in males stimulates the growth of the male sex organs in the fetus and the
development of the male sex characteristics during puberty.
Sexual orientation ANS - An enduring sexual attraction toward members of either one's own sex
(homosexual orientation) or the other sex (heterosexual orientation).
Emotion ANS - A response of the whole organism, involving (1) physiological arousal, (2) expressive
behaviors, and (3) conscious experience.
James-Lange Theory ANS - The theory that we experience emotion because we are aware of our bodily
response to an emotion arousing stimulus.
Cannon-Bard Theory ANS - The theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1)
physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion.
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