Term 1 of 45
Bona Fide Occupational Qualification (BFOQ)
federal program by which grants are given to states to fund welfare
Greater difficulty for women of color to get top positions
Barriers that prevent otherwise qualified women from attaining higher positions
a necessary (not merely preferred) qualification for performing a job
Term 2 of 45
Queuing
Allows healthcare professionals, clinics, and hospitals to refuse abortion services without
legal repercussions
Both men and women want to work in the same job, employers prefer men, so men get the
jobs first and women cluster in the low wage jobs)
Barriers that prevent otherwise qualified women from attaining higher positions
Healthcare workers are front live for identifying IPV
-Physical Injuries
-Stress-related conditions
-Mental Health Issues
-Higher risk of addiction
,Term 3 of 45
Sexual Harassment in the Workplace
-Birth Control
--Women have only had access to reliable birth control for the past four decades
--More methods and control: implants and injections, emergency methods
--Abortion use to be legal until the civil war
--Cornstock laws made it illegal to distribute information about abortion
-Maragret Sanger promoted promoted birth control practices due to women's health->
started planned parenthood
The wage gap is difficult to calculate, estimated between 79 to 85%
Reasons include:
-Occupational segregation
-Queuing
-Devaluation
-Human Capital-Skills, education, experience a worker brings to the job
-Time spent on work (Overwork)
-Differences in applying for competitive jobs and bargaining
-Male perpetrated abuse much more likely to cause high levels of fear, injury, and serious
injury
-3/4th arrests are men
-Most have criminal history (violent and nonviolent)
-One Factor: exposure during childhood
Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors that are a term of an individual's
employment
Created Hostile Environment
Unwelcomed Sexual Conduct
Based on sex
Employer knew/should've known and didn't act
Now use reasonableness standard
, Definition 4 of 45
Denied partnership to Hopkins because of her masculine traits-No BFOQ-this case expanded sex
to include gender too
Phillips v. Martin Marietta Corporation (1971)
Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins (1989)
U.S. V. Windsor (2013)
Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)
Definition 5 of 45
-Allows workers to take up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave to care for a covered family member
-Only 60% of the workforce
The Paycheck Fairness Act
Family Demographics
Dothan v. Rawlinson (1977)
Family Medical Leave Act
Definition 6 of 45
-Domestic violence has a long history of social and political acceptability
-Few exceptions: Puritans forbade it in colonial MA
-Before 1970: not a legal or medical problem
-1968 poll: 1/5 Americans found it acceptable to slap one's spouse
-Law: Moved to family courts, not criminal ones
-1966: NY added as reason for divorces (only if sufficient number of beatings)
-1970's activism began to end IPV in the U.S.
Separate but Equal: Theory of Marriage
Access to Contraceptive
Effects of IPV
IPV Activism
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