Exam (elaborations)
BIO 669 Quiz 1 Fall 2024 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
- Course
- Institution
BIO 669 Quiz 1 Fall 2024 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
[Show more]
Content preview
BIO 669 Quiz 1 Fall 2024 EXAMQUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
What are the two most important intracellular buffers? - Answer-phosphate/proteins
Thirst prompts fluid intake through action of ________ located in the __________. -
Answer-osmoreceptors/hypothalamus
Fluid distribution - Answer-Movement of fluids within the body
Composition of fluids - Answer-The electrolytes present in fluids
Electrolytes - Answer-Key ions that affect cell function
Extracellular ion - Answer-Ion present outside the cell
Retention of water - Answer-The effect of Na+ on overall fluid volume
Intracellular ion - Answer-Ion present inside the cell
Membrane potential - Answer-The electrical potential difference across a cell membrane
Repolarizing/hyperpolarizing - Answer-Restoring or increasing the membrane potential
Hydrogen ion - Answer-Critical for control of pH and protein structure
Buffers - Answer-Substances that help maintain pH balance
Anionic proteins - Answer-Proteins with a negative charge
Hemoglobin - Answer-Protein responsible for carrying oxygen in red blood cells
Carbonic acid - Answer-Formed from the conversion of H+ and bicarbonate
Respiratory system - Answer-Involved in control of pH in the plasma
Immune system - Answer-Comprised of innate and adaptive responses
Innate response - Answer-Immediate response to damage, infection, or foreign bodies
Granulocytes - Answer-Type of white blood cells involved in innate response
, Monocytes/macrophages - Answer-Type of white blood cells involved in innate
response
NK cells - Answer-Type of white blood cells involved in innate response
Plasma proteins - Answer-Proteins involved in innate response
Inflammation - Answer-Response to damage, infection, or foreign bodies
Signaling molecules - Answer-Molecules involved in immune response
Adaptive response - Answer-Slower response that identifies specific targets and
develops memory
Innate immunity - Answer-First line of defense, physical and biochemical barriers
Physical barriers - Answer-Skin, linings of gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and respiratory
tracts
Sloughing off of cells - Answer-Shedding of cells as a defense mechanism
Coughing and sneezing - Answer-Expelling foreign particles through airways
Flushing - Answer-Elimination of waste through urine
Vomiting - Answer-Expelling harmful substances through the digestive system
Mucus and cilia - Answer-Protective substances and hair-like structures in respiratory
tract
Epithelial cell-derived chemical barriers - Answer-Saliva, tears, earwax, sweat, and
mucus with antimicrobial peptides
Normal microbiome - Answer-Unique colonization of bacteria and fungi in specific
locations
Inflammatory response - Answer-Nonspecific immune response to injury, characterized
by redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function
Increased vascular permeability and leakage - Answer-Expansion of blood vessels and
release of fluid and cells into tissues
Vascular responses - Answer-Blood vessel dilation and increased blood flow
Inflammation goals - Answer-Prevent infection, initiate adaptive immune response,
initiate healing, limit and control inflammation
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller biggdreamer. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67866 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now