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BIO 669 QUIZ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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BIO 669 QUIZ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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BIO 669 QUIZ QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS
What is the conducting airways? - Answer-The mechanical act of having airflow into and
out of the alveoli and respiratory bronchioles.
Do not participate in gas exchange
Components: the nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and
nonrespiratory bronchioles.
What is respiratory airways? - Answer-Actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
across the membrane
Components: Respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli
what are type 1 alveolar cells? - Answer-structural- help allow for exchange across the
membrane
what are type 2 alveolar cells? - Answer-surfactant producers
What does surfactant do? - Answer-protein that reduces surface tension inside the
alveolar or respiratory membrane.
helps to interfere with the hydrogen bond (what makes things tighter) and loosen it so
that the alveoli can inflate
what happens to the pulmonary artery during acidemia? - Answer-The pulmonary artery
constricts.
How many of the pulmonary veins are filled with blood? - Answer-1/3
why does the pulmonary artery constrict during acidemia? - Answer-constricts to reduce
blood flow to an area that has CO2 build-up
What is the alveolocapillary membrane? - Answer-It is formed by shared alveolar and
capillary walls, structures include the thin membrane of alveolar epithelium, alveolar
basement membrane, interstitial space, capillary basement membrane, and capillary
endothelium.
the wall that oxygen and CO2 have to cross for respiration to occur
, what does the caliber of the pulmonary artery mean? - Answer-the radius
what happens to the pressure in the thoracic cavity as your chest expands? - Answer-
the pressure of the thoracic cavity drops causing inspiration (Air going in)
what direction does air go in regard to pressure? - Answer-from high pressure to low
pressure, like fluid
what is the visceral layer connected to? - Answer-it is connected to the lungs
what is the parietal layer connected to? - Answer-it is connected to the chest wall
What does pleural fluid do? - Answer-it connects the parietal and the visceral layer and
helps to reduce friction
what is the function of the pulmonary system? - Answer-ventilate the alveoli, diffuse
gases into and out of the blood (respiration), perfuse the lungs with blood so the body
receives oxygen
What does a spirometer do? - Answer-measures volume of air that we are able to
control
What is vital capacity? - Answer-the greatest volume of air that can be expelled from the
lungs after taking the deepest possible breath.
What is tidal volume? - Answer-the amount of air you move in and out during quiet
breathing
What is inspiratory reserve volume? - Answer-additional inspired air over and above
tidal volume
What is expiratory reserve volume? - Answer-volume of air in excess of tidal volume
that can be exhaled forcibly
What is residual volume? - Answer-Air in lungs after maximal expiration that we are not
able to fully eliminate.
Cannot be measured on spirometry
what is functional residual capacity? - Answer-Combined residual and expiratory
reserve volumes (ERV + RV)
the equilibrium point of lungs wanting to collapse and chest wall wanting to expand.
what happens with a disease state like COPD and emphysema, when addition air is
trapped in the lungs? - Answer-the residual volume increases, causing the other
volumes to increase, reducing inspiratory reserve volume
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